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Advances in data mining and database management book series

Quantum Blockchain

Peter Nimbe, Benjamin Asubam Weyori, Jacob Mensah, Anokye Acheampong Amponsah, Adebayo Felix Adekoya, Emmanuel Adjei Domfeh

Published Jun 30, 2022• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum blockchain is a distributed database that is decentralized, encrypted, and based on quantum information theory and computation. This comes as a result of the recent progress made in quantum computing and the need for quantum equivalents of classical blockchains. Algorithms, frameworks, models, tools, architectures, and databases, of which quantum blockchain is a part, are still being standardized. Recently, the growth of quantum information theory and computation has resulted in a rise in the number of research ongoing in this domain. This chapter presents an insight into quantum blockchain using the PRISMA technique with results registered and analyzed. The literature is analyzed based on some parameters or categorizations accompanied by graphical and tabular representations.

DOI
10.4018/978-1-6684-5072-7.ch001

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Quantum blockchain is a distributed database that is decentralized, encrypted, and based on quantum information theory and computation. This comes as a result of the recent progress made in quantum computing and the need for quantum equivalents of classical blockchains. Algorithms, frameworks, models, tools, architectures, and databases, of which quantum blockchain is a part, are still being standardized. Recently, the growth of quantum information theory and computation has resulted in a rise in the number of research ongoing in this domain. This chapter presents an insight into quantum blockchain using the PRISMA technique with results registered and analyzed. The literature is analyzed based on some parameters or categorizations accompanied by graphical and tabular representations.
Quantum blockchain can be understood as a decentralized, encrypted and distributed database based on quantum computation and quantum information theory. Once the data is recorded in the quantum blockchain, it will not be maliciously tampered with. In recent years, the development of quantum computation and quantum information theory makes more and more researchers focus on the research of quantum blockchain. In this paper, we review the developments in the field of quantum blockchain, and briefly analyze its advantages compared with the classical blockchain. The construction and the framework of the quantum blockchain are introduced. Then we introduce the method of applying quantum technology to a certain part of the general blockchain. In addition, the advantages of quantum blockchain compared with classical blockchain and its development prospects are summarized.
Abstract Blockchain technology is a highly developed database system that shares information within a business web. It stores details in blocks connected chronologically, ensuring information integrity through consensus mechanisms that prevent unauthorised alterations. This decentralised system removes the need for a believable mediator, mitigating vulnerabilities and enhancing transaction security. Blockchain’s application spans the energy, finance, media, entertainment, and retail sectors. However, classical blockchain faces threats from quantum computing advancements, necessitating the development of quantum blockchain technology. Quantum blockchain, leveraging quantum computation and information theory, offers enhanced security and immutability. In this paper, different mathematical foundations, practical implementations and effectiveness of lattice‐based cryptography in securing blockchain applications are discussed. Analysis of how the cryptographic techniques can protect blockchain systems against quantum attacks is being done by using mathematical formulations and examples. Quantum computing strengthens blockchain security with advanced encryption and authentication, which is critical for safeguarding diverse sectors from evolving cyber threats. Further study on quantum‐resistant design is necessary if blockchain networks are to be robust and intact in the face of future technological developments.
Blockchain technology has been prominent recently due to its applications in cryptocurrency. Numerous decentralized blockchain applications have been possible due to blockchains' nature of distributed, secured, and peer-to-peer storage. One of its technical pillars is using public-key cryptography and hash functions, which promise a secure, pseudo-anonymous, distributed storage with non-repudiation. This security is believed to be difficult to break with classical computational powers. However, recent advances in quantum computing have raised the possibility of breaking these algorithms with quantum computers, thus, threatening the blockchains' security. Quantum-resistant blockchains are being proposed as alternatives to resolve this issue. Some propose to replace traditional cryptography with post-quantum cryptography—others base their approaches on quantum computer networks or quantum internets. Nonetheless, a new security infrastructure (e.g., access control/authentication) must be established before any of these could happen. This article provides a theoretical analysis of the quantum blockchain technologies that could be used for decentralized identity authentication. We put together a conceptual design for a quantum blockchain identity framework (QBIF) and give a review of the technical evidence. We investigate its essential components and feasibility, effectiveness, and limitations. Even though it currently has various limitations and challenges, we believe a decentralized perspective of quantum applications is noteworthy and likely.
This chapter focuses on the dramatic progress of quantum computing and its far-reaching consequences for cybersecurity. Conventional cryptographic techniques are in jeopardy because quantum computing can transform computational capacity by using the unique features of qubits. Blockchain technology emerges as a ray of hope as quantum computers get closer to breaching of commonly used encryption methods. Blockchain’s decentralized structure and unchangeable ledgers offer quantum-resistant defenses. Understanding the interconnected nature of quantum computing and blockchain is the focus of this chapter, highlighting blockchain’s potential to bolster digital trust in the face of quantum uncertainty. Topics include quantum-resistant encryption, novel smart contracts, quantum key distribution, and the associated regulatory difficulties. Ultimately, readers need to understand the mutual benefits of blockchain technology and quantum computing, and the crucial part blockchain plays in sustaining digital trust amid the quantum revolution.
The nascent quantum computing brings unprecedented threats to the security roots of blockchain technology, potentially compromising cryptographic protocols securing decentralized systems. This review paper discusses the developing quantum threat scenario, focusing on the effect of quantum algorithms on traditional cryptographic systems. We critically examine current blockchain architectures, highlighting their vulnerabilities in a post-quantum future. The paper explores newer quantum-resistant cryptographic and modular architectural techniques to enhance blockchain resilience. This review supports comprehensive comprehension of cutting-edge strategies and research gaps by combining the literature addressing quantum threat modeling and post-quantum cryptography in decentralized systems.