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Heliyon

Linear and nonlinear optical properties in spherical quantum dots: Modified Möbius squared potential

Chibueze Paul Onyenegecha

Published Aug 1, 2022• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The optical properties of quantum dots (QDs) in modified Möbius squared (MMS) potential are studied. To obtain the energy expressions and the wave functions, we solved the Schrödinger equation by using Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method. We investigated the linear, third-order nonlinear and total absorption coefficients (AC) and refractive index changes (RIC) using the density matrix. The numerical results show that the structure parameters and optical intensity have a strong influence on AC and RIC.

DOI
10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10387

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The study presents results of the linear and non-linear optical properties of GaAs quantum dots. The reported work aims to provide new results of the quantum dot optical properties confined in Hua plus modified Eckart (HPME) potential. To obtain analytical expressions for the energy eigenvalues and the wave functions, we solved the time-independent Schrödinger equation for the HPME potential by using the parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method. Investigation of the linear, third-order nonlinear, and total absorption coefficients and refractive index changes was done with the help of the density matrix approach. The results showed that the energy decreases in a linear manner as the potential parameter, V0. Also, it is observed that as the barrier slope increases, the peaks of the linear, third-order linear, and total absorption coefficient tend to higher values of energy. Furthermore, as the barrier slope increases, the change in refractive indices increases, and their positions shift to higher energies. Additionally, an increase in the structure parameters and optical intensity greatly influences the absorption coefficients and the refractive index changes of the quantum dots.
We study the linear and nonlinear optical properties of a spherical GaAs quantum dot with screened modified Kratzer potential (SMKP) by solving the time-independent Schrödinger wave equation using the diagonalization method. The obtained electronic properties of the system alongside the compact density formalism are used to evaluate the linear, third-order nonlinear and total optical absorption coefficients and change in the relative refractive index of the system. We show that the confinement potential parameters and optical intensity significantly affects the behaviour of absorption coefficients and refractive index changes. It is important to note that the findings of this study will find application in optoelectronics and related areas.
Analytical expressions for the linear and nonlinear optical susceptibilities of spherical quantum dots are obtained using the Schrödinger equation. To solve the Schrödinger equation, the Nikiforov-Uvarov method was used, assuming that electrons isolated in the medium are associated with the Gelman inverse quadratic potential. Using the density matrix formalism, analytical expressions were obtained for the coefficients of linear and nonlinear absorption and changes in the refractive index of quantum dots. Elements of the matrix of the electric dipole moment l=± 1 and m = 0 are obtained according to the selection rules. To demonstrate the results obtained, we used the real physical characteristics of quantum dots obtained from gallium arsenide (GaAs).
Abstract This paper systematically explores the third-order nonlinear optical properties and modulation mechanisms of a spherical quantum dot system confined by a Mie-type potential. We analytically solve the Schrödinger equation with Nikiforov–Uvarov method based on effective mass approximation to obtain the eigenenergies and wave function of the system. Subsequently, key third-order nonlinear optical parameters, including the third-harmonic generation (THG) coefficient, total optical absorption coefficients, and refractive index changes, are derived via the density matrix formalism. The results indicate that the nonlinear optical responses strongly depend on the geometric dimensions and the microscopic confinement parameters. By adjusting these parameters, effective control over the THG coefficient can be achieved. Furthermore, this study reveals the significant modulation effects of environmental factors. The synergistic influence of quantum dot size, confinement potential, and environmental interactions is systematically analyzed, providing a theoretical basis for designing high-performance nonlinear optical devices based on quantum dots.
Abstract This study explores how hydrostatic pressure, temperature, incident light intensity, and structural parameters modulate optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes in GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As spherical quantum dots under the screened cosine Kratzer potential. We use the Nikiforov-Uvarov method to solve the Schrödinger equation to determine the relevant wave functions and energy levels. And using iterative method and density matrix theory, we derived analytical expressions for the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes. The results of the numerical analyses demonstrate that both the structural parameters of the quantum dots and the external environmental factors significantly influence the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes, with varying degrees of impact. It is particularly noteworthy that these factors are extremely important for modulating the peak amplitude and resonance peak position of the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes, providing important theoretical basis for us to deeply understand and modulate the nonlinear optical properties of quantum dots.