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Physica Scripta

Linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes with the screened cosine Kratzer potential

Yawen Cai, Xuechao Li, Xiaolong Yan, Xinyu Li, Yueqing Zhang

Published May 7, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract This study explores how hydrostatic pressure, temperature, incident light intensity, and structural parameters modulate optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes in GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As spherical quantum dots under the screened cosine Kratzer potential. We use the Nikiforov-Uvarov method to solve the Schrödinger equation to determine the relevant wave functions and energy levels. And using iterative method and density matrix theory, we derived analytical expressions for the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes. The results of the numerical analyses demonstrate that both the structural parameters of the quantum dots and the external environmental factors significantly influence the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes, with varying degrees of impact. It is particularly noteworthy that these factors are extremely important for modulating the peak amplitude and resonance peak position of the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes, providing important theoretical basis for us to deeply understand and modulate the nonlinear optical properties of quantum dots.

DOI
10.1088/1402-4896/add589

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We study the linear and nonlinear optical properties of a spherical GaAs quantum dot with screened modified Kratzer potential (SMKP) by solving the time-independent Schrödinger wave equation using the diagonalization method. The obtained electronic properties of the system alongside the compact density formalism are used to evaluate the linear, third-order nonlinear and total optical absorption coefficients and change in the relative refractive index of the system. We show that the confinement potential parameters and optical intensity significantly affects the behaviour of absorption coefficients and refractive index changes. It is important to note that the findings of this study will find application in optoelectronics and related areas.
In this paper, we have studied optical properties of spherical quantum dots by using Rosen-Morse potential. In this regard, we have first solved the Schrodinger equation and obtained energy levels and wave functions by applying Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method. Then, by using density matrix method, we have applied analytical expressions for the linear and third-order nonlinear absorption coefficient and refractive index changes. The results show that the total refractive index changes and the absorption coefficients increase and shift towards higher by enhancing height potential.
Analytical expressions for the linear and nonlinear optical susceptibilities of spherical quantum dots are obtained using the Schrödinger equation. To solve the Schrödinger equation, the Nikiforov-Uvarov method was used, assuming that electrons isolated in the medium are associated with the Gelman inverse quadratic potential. Using the density matrix formalism, analytical expressions were obtained for the coefficients of linear and nonlinear absorption and changes in the refractive index of quantum dots. Elements of the matrix of the electric dipole moment l=± 1 and m = 0 are obtained according to the selection rules. To demonstrate the results obtained, we used the real physical characteristics of quantum dots obtained from gallium arsenide (GaAs).
The effects of quantum dot (QD) radius, incident light intensity, temperature and other factors on the optical absorption coefficients (OACs) of cylindrical QDs are investigated numerically for typical GaAs/Ga[Formula: see text]Al[Formula: see text]As. We theoretically studied the cylindrical QDs with like-inversely quadratic Hellmann potential and parabolic potential. The expressions for the energy levels and wave functions were obtained by the Nikiforov–Uvarov method, and then the expressions for the OACs were derived by using the density matrix theory and the iterative method. Finally, the results show that the structural and external parameters affect the sensitivity of the optical absorption properties by influencing the matrix elements and energy levels, and the quantum confinement effects affect their applicable frequencies, which makes the QD system easier to tune.
The optical properties of quantum dots (QDs) in modified Möbius squared (MMS) potential are studied. To obtain the energy expressions and the wave functions, we solved the Schrödinger equation by using Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method. We investigated the linear, third-order nonlinear and total absorption coefficients (AC) and refractive index changes (RIC) using the density matrix. The numerical results show that the structure parameters and optical intensity have a strong influence on AC and RIC.