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Chinese Physics B

Space continuous atom laser in one dimension

Yi Qin, Xiaoyang Shen, Wei-Xuan Chang, Xia Lin

Published Jun 14, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Cold atom physics in space station arouses a lot of interest of scientists. We investigate the dynamical output process of the space continuous atom laser by solving nonlinear Gross–Pitaevksii equations numerically. Slow-moving continuous atom beams in two directions are observed simultaneously. The slow-moving coherent atom beams can be used as a source of atom interferometer to realize long-time measurements. We also control the output of space atom laser by adjusting the output coupling strength.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/ac7861

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Cold atom physics in space station arouses a lot of interest of scientists. We investigate the dynamical output process of the space continuous atom laser by solving nonlinear Gross–Pitaevksii equations numerically. Slow-moving continuous atom beams in two directions are observed simultaneously. The slow-moving coherent atom beams can be used as a source of atom interferometer to realize long-time measurements. We also control the output of space atom laser by adjusting the output coupling strength.
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We propose a scheme for realizing the long-term continuous output of an atom laser. In this scheme the cold atoms in several subsidiary Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) will be coupled one by one in turn into one main BEC which serves for the continuous output of a coherent atomic beam. We discuss the process of the phase unification of the newly entered BEC atoms with the remaining atoms in the main BEC trap. An ideal dynamical equilibrium can be established when the transition rate of the uncondensed atoms transforming into the condensate and the decay rate of coupling output satisfy some conditions. The coupling method from the subsidiary BEC to the main BEC and the time rates of all different processes are considered.
New levels of control over the atomic motion have been attained through the development of the atom laser. The unique properties of these coherent atomic sources open up a wide range of new possibilities in the fields of atom optics and precision measurement. In this article we have discussed the high contrast interference pattern obtained from an atom laser with two output modes of different energies. It should be possible to create a highly complex interference pattern in the output beam of an atom laser by applying a correspondingly tailored radio wave field for output coupling. A novel atom optical manipulation method allowed us to reflect, recapture and focus an atom laser beam. Due to its simplicity and precision the technique is ideally suited for creating an interferometer for the atom laser beam. It seems feasible to split the atom laser beam into two components and recombine it after delaying one of the two components. The resulting interference pattern would reveal the coherence properties of the atom laser beam.
A laser system for a light-pulse atom interferometer typically includes a number of laser sources for cooling and for atom optics to meet different frequency detuning requirements at different stages of a measurement sequence. The number of laser units required makes the achievable minimum size and power of the instrument challenging, especially for space applications. We demonstrate a compact cesium atom interferometer operated by only a single laser. This is achieved by dynamically changing the laser output frequency while maintaining spectroscopic reference to an atomic transition. We are able to generate cold atoms and obtain atom interferometer fringes all with the same laser.
We demonstrate how a topological atom laser can be realized by output coupling a trapped vortex state with a Raman scattering process. We find a linearized analytic solution from which a generalized resonance condition for Raman output coupling is developed. Using numerical simulations of a two component Gross-Pitaevskii equation in two and three dimensions the output beam from a trapped central vortex state is analyzed for cases of pulsed and continuous coupling where the vortex core is either transverse or parallel to the direction of propagation. We show how the parameters of the Raman light fields control the spatial phase of the output beam.