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Physical Review A

Laser intracavity absorption

Helen K. Holt

Published Feb 1, 1975• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The characteristics of a laser with an intracavity absorption cell have been calculated for the case in which the gain atoms are homogeneously broadened and the absorber atoms are inhomogeneously broadened. The sensitivity of the laser intensity to the density of absorbers is determined.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.11.625

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Comments on two papers inKvantovaya Elektronika

A F Suchkov

I. V. F. Gamaliĭ, E. A. Sviridenkov, and D. D. Toptygin Stimulated emission spectrum of a laser with narrow-band intracavity absorption and temporal modulation of the gain [Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 18, 1541–1547 (December 1988)] II. S. A. Kovalenko and S. P. Semin Simultaneous influence of quantum fluctuations of the intensity and of spatial homogeneities on the emission dynamics of wide-band lasers and the sensitivity of intracavity spectroscopy [Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 19, 101–102 (January 1989)]

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics•Oct 31, 1991•0 citations
This paper discusses the case of a Doppler-broadened gas laser with a saturable intracavity absorber gas. The semiclassical equations governing the field intensities and the atomic density-matrix elements are set up. The latter are written as Fourier series, the components of which are shown to obey coupled difference equations. In this paper the exact steady-state solution in single-mode operation is obtained. The lowest approximation (rate-equation approximation) is used to compute detailed characteristics of the system. In particular, the influence of the pumping rates in the two cells are investigated and displayed in the figures. The regions of bistable operation are determined and conditions for the occurrence of an inverted Lamb dip are given. The effect of a slow modulation of the pumping rates is discussed. The range of validity of the lowest approximation is investigated both analytically and numerically. Finally, there is a brief discussion of the influence of pressure on the parameters of the theory.
Output characteristics of a traveling-wave monomode laser with an intracavity three-level absorber are investigated. The laser frequency is assumed to be symmetrically detuned from the two ground-state sublevels for a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type transition scheme. It is shown that bistability and hysteresis in the laser output, characteristics of a first-order phase transition, may arise much before the absorber saturates. For this reason, bistability may be observed even if the gain medium saturates faster than the absorber, in contrast with the case of a two-level saturable absorber. The physical mechanism for bistable behavior is coherent population trapping which accumulates all absorbing atoms in the ground-state sublevels with a sharp decrease in absorption.
A new technique for quantitative detection of atomic absorption by intracavity dye-laser quenching is studied. For the sodium D(2) line, a sensitivity of 7 x 10(4) atoms/cm(3) x 1% quenching is obtained; and the sensitivity in single-pass detection is 4 x 10(8) atoms/cm(3) x 1% absorption for a 15-cm cell. Use of a cw dye laser improves the sensitivity and the stability. The dependence of the sensitivity on the bandwidth of laser action is measured, and a simple theoretical consideration is given for single-pass absorption.
The characteristics of the mode intensity and conditions for occurrence of optical bistability in a ring laser with a saturable absorber are considered. The rate equation approximation method is used to find analytic expressions for these characteristics. It is shown that changes in such physical parameters as the homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening, coefficients of relaxation of amplifying and absorbing cells, etc. cause changes in the range of existence of optical bistability or a hysteresis cycle. The influence of inhomogeneous broadening and of spontaneous emission near the lasing threshold on the appearance of optical bistability is demonstrated for the single-mode regime.
An experimental investigation was made of the dependence of the signal in intracavity laser magnetic resonance (LMR) spectroscopy on the modulation frequency (frequency characteristic). It was found that a simple theory developed in the approximation of kinetic equations, small gain per pass, and exponential relaxation of the active medium described qualitatively the experimental data. A quantitative agreement was obtained only to within a factor of 2. Experimental and theoretical studies were made of the frequency characteristics of a laser containing a saturable absorbing gas inside the resonator. It was found that for certain values of the parameters of this gas the resonance peak of the frequency characteristic could have an unlimited amplitude. The behavior of the frequency characteristic was analyzed bearing in mind the behavior of its poles. An estimate was obtained of the influence of small amounts of a saturable gas on the sensitivity of an LMR spectrometer in the case of resonance and adiabatic modulations.
I. V. F. Gamaliĭ, E. A. Sviridenkov, and D. D. Toptygin Stimulated emission spectrum of a laser with narrow-band intracavity absorption and temporal modulation of the gain [Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 18, 1541–1547 (December 1988)] II. S. A. Kovalenko and S. P. Semin Simultaneous influence of quantum fluctuations of the intensity and of spatial homogeneities on the emission dynamics of wide-band lasers and the sensitivity of intracavity spectroscopy [Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 19, 101–102 (January 1989)]