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Trapping of ultracold atoms in a 10 μm-period permanent magnetic lattice

Saritha K. Jose, P. Surendran, Leszek Krzemień, S. Whitlock, M. Singh, A. Sidorov, R. Mclean, P. Hannaford

Published Aug 1, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the realization of trapping of87Rb | F=1, mF= -1〉 atoms at temperature of 1-2 μK in a 10 μm-period 1D magnetic lattice constructed from a TbGdFeCo magnetic microstructure on an atom chip.
DOI
10.1109/iqec-cleo.2011.6193917

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We report on the loading and trapping of ultracold atoms in a one-dimensional permanent magnetic lattice of period 10 µm produced on an atom chip. The grooved structure which generates the magnetic lattice potential is fabricated on a silicon substrate and coated with a perpendicularly magnetized multilayered TbGdFeCo/Cr film of effective thickness 960 nm. Ultracold atoms are evaporatively cooled in a Z-wire magnetic trap and then adiabatically transferred to the magnetic lattice potential by applying an appropriate bias field. Under our experimental conditions trap frequencies of up to 90 kHz in the magnetic lattice are measured and the atoms are trapped at a distance of less than 5 µm from the surface with a measured lifetime of about 450 ms. These results are important in the context of studies of quantum coherence of neutral atoms in periodic magnetic potentials on an atom chip.
We report the loading of a 1D permanent magnetic lattice with ultracold atoms on an atom chip. Our magnetic lattice is produced by a perpendicularly magnetised film of Gd10Tb6Fe80Co4 deposited on a 10 μm period grooved structure. A BEC is created in a Z-wire trap about 300 μm from the surface of the chip. An atom cloud at about 5 μK is moved adiabatically towards the lattice by an appropriate bias field. We estimate that about one hundred lattice sites are loaded with atoms about 7 μm from the chip surface at a temperature of about 10 μK.
In recent years, ultracold atoms trapped in periodic lattices have attracted much attention as a simulator for condensed matter systems because of the ability to manipulate and precisely control the ultracold atoms. Periodic arrays of magnetic microtraps patterned on a magnetic film provide a potential complementary tool to conventional optical lattices for trapping arrays of ultracold atoms. Compared to optical lattices, magnetic lat- tices allow a higher degree of design flexibility by allowing almost arbitrary lattice geometries and they also allow lower technical noise and state-selective trapping of atoms. This paper reports the trapping of ultracold 87Rb atoms in 0.7 μm-period triangular and square magnetic lattices integrated on an atom chip as a step towards using magnetic lattices as a new platform for simulating condensed matter and quantum many-body phenomena in nontrivial lattice geometries.
Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text S. Jose, P. Surendran, L. Krzemien, S. Whitlock, M. Singh, A. Sidorov, R. Mclean, and P. Hannaford, "Trapping of Ultracold Atoms in a 10 µm-Period Permanent Magnetic Lattice," in Proceedings of the International Quantum Electronics Conference and Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim 2011, (Optica Publishing Group, 2011), paper I650. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
We report on a class of configurations of permanent magnets on an atom chip for producing 1D and 2D periodic arrays of magnetic microtraps with non-zero potential minima and variable barrier height for trapping and manipulating ultracold atoms and quantum degenerate gases. We present analytical expressions for an infinite magnetic lattice for the relevant physical quantities and compare them with our numerical results. In one of the configurations of permanent magnets, we show how it is possible by changing the angle between the crossed periodic arrays of magnets to go from a 1D array of 2D microtraps to a 2D array of 3D microtraps and thus to continuously vary the barrier heights between the microtraps.
We describe the fabrication and construction of a setup for creating lattices of magnetic microtraps for ultracold atoms on an atom chip. The lattice is defined by lithographic patterning of a permanent magnetic film. Patterned magnetic-film atom chips enable a large variety of trapping geometries over a wide range of length scales. We demonstrate an atom chip with a lattice constant of 10 μm, suitable for experiments in quantum information science employing the interaction between atoms in highly excited Rydberg energy levels. The active trapping region contains lattice regions with square and hexagonal symmetry, with the two regions joined at an interface. A structure of macroscopic wires, cutout of a silver foil, was mounted under the atom chip in order to load ultracold (87)Rb atoms into the microtraps. We demonstrate loading of atoms into the square and hexagonal lattice sections simultaneously and show resolved imaging of individual lattice sites. Magnetic-film lattices on atom chips provide a versatile platform for experiments with ultracold atoms, in particular for quantum information science and quantum simulation.