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Giroskopiya i Navigatsiya

Gyroscope on de Broglie Waves: Intricate Things in Simple Words

A.S. Voronov, B. S. Rivkin, Concern CSRI Elektropribor, JSC, Saint Petersburg, Russia

Published Jan 1, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The paper addresses the operating principles of a gyroscopic de-vice of a new type: a gyroscope on de Broglie waves. The sensitive element of such a gyroscope is an atomic interferometer, whose main components are described and the technical challenges of its development are discussed. The target audience of this paper is the readers who do not have a profound knowledge of the quantum physics.

DOI
10.17285/0869-7035.0067

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The paper addresses the operating principles of a gyroscopic de-vice of a new type: a gyroscope on de Broglie waves. The sensitive element of such a gyroscope is an atomic interferometer, whose main components are described and the technical challenges of its development are discussed. The target audience of this paper is the readers who do not have a profound knowledge of the quantum physics.
The brief overview of atom interferometers development for new generation of inertial sensitive elements on the de Broglie waves is presented. The transmission functions of atom interferometers (dependence of phase differences of counter propagating waves of interferometers from external factors (absolute rotation and acceleration of interferometer) and internal factors (ideology of construction of different types of atom interferometers)) are also discussed. The recommendations on elaboration of previously known transmission functions of atom interferometers are provided for the purpose of the development of the accurate error models of gyroscopes on de Broglie waves.
With the rapid development of modern physics, atomic gyroscopes have been demonstrated in recent years. There are two types of atomic gyroscope. The Atomic Interferometer Gyroscope (AIG), which utilizes the atomic interferometer to sense rotation, is an ultra-high precision gyroscope; and the Atomic Spin Gyroscope (ASG), which utilizes atomic spin to sense rotation, features high precision, compact size and the possibility to make a chip-scale one. Recent developments in the atomic gyroscope field have created new ways to obtain high precision gyroscopes which were previously unavailable with mechanical or optical gyroscopes, but there are still lots of problems that need to be overcome to meet the requirements of inertial navigation systems. This paper reviews the basic principles of AIG and ASG, introduces the recent progress in this area, focusing on discussing their technical difficulties for inertial navigation applications, and suggests methods for developing high performance atomic gyroscopes in the near future.
Recent laboratory experiments have demonstrated atom interference-based inertial force sensors operating at sensitivities near or exceeding the state-of-the-art [2x10-10 rad/sec/Hz1/2 (gyroscope), 10-9 g/Hz1/2 (accelerometer), and 10 E/Hz1/2 (gravity gradient, 1 E = 10-9 sec-2)]. Drawing on this recent experience, we seek to develop gravity gradient sensors which will provide unprecedented capabilities for navigation and geodesy applications. Our technical approach does not rely on cryogenic techniques, and should yield an instrument capable of operating on a broad array of platforms (eg. satellite, space station, plane, etc.). In the long run, we expect these instruments to be economical and robust The demonstration of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute atomic vapors raises the prospect of a new class of de Broglie wave interferometric sensors. We have recently demonstrated a proof-of-principle accelerometer concept which exploits the novel coherence properties of Bose-Einstein condensed atomic sources.