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The Spatial Location of the Eavesdropper on the Secrecy Performance of FSOC System

Jing Ma, Hongyu Wu, Pengzhen Guo, Dongpeng Kang

Published Apr 26, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we analyze the spatial location of the eavesdropper on the secrecy performance of free-space optical communication systems over Fischer--Snedecor F-distribution fading channel. As a key feature, we investigate the impact of the eavesdropper's location within the range of the beam divergence angle, which is more in line with practical engineering applications. The possible position of the eavesdropper is comprehensively assumed with horizontal and vertical components within the beam divergence angle. To this end, the lower-band secrecy outage probability, asymptotic solutions of SOP at high signal-to-noise-ratio, and the strictly positive secrecy capacity are obtained in closed-form, which are corroborated by exact Monte Carlo simulations respectively.

DOI
10.22541/au.165098716.67343863/v1

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In this paper, we analyze the spatial location of the eavesdropper on the secrecy performance of free-space optical communication systems over Fischer--Snedecor F-distribution fading channel. As a key feature, we investigate the impact of the eavesdropper's location within the range of the beam divergence angle, which is more in line with practical engineering applications. The possible position of the eavesdropper is comprehensively assumed with horizontal and vertical components within the beam divergence angle. To this end, the lower-band secrecy outage probability, asymptotic solutions of SOP at high signal-to-noise-ratio, and the strictly positive secrecy capacity are obtained in closed-form, which are corroborated by exact Monte Carlo simulations respectively.
This work is concerned with the secrecy performance of a free-space optical (FSO) communication system over Fisher-SnedecorF\mathcal {F}F-distribution turbulence fading channel. Considering the influence of pointing error, atmospheric turbulence and different detection technique (i.e., the intensity modulation with direct detection and heterodyne detection), we derive the exact closed-form expressions for the average secrecy capacity (ASC), the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and the strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC) in terms of Meijer’s G-function. Furthermore, the asymptotic expression for SOP is analyzed as the electrical signal-to-noise ratio approaches infinity. Monte Carlo simulations are provided to validate analytical results.
When the beam waist at the receiver is significantly larger than the receiver size, free-space optical (FSO) links may be vulnerable to some optical tapping risks at the physical layer. In this paper, we conduct a new framework for the analysis of the secrecy performance in terms of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) of FSO systems affected by gamma-gamma (GG) turbulence-induced fading channels with pointing errors. As a key feature, we evaluate the SOP in the presence of an external eavesdropper with generic location and orientation. For that reason, a new misalignment error model is proposed to consider a non-orthogonal optical beam with respect to the photodetector plane at the eavesdropper's receiver, where the effective area is determined by a rotated ellipse. New approximate and asymptotic solutions at high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) for the secrecy performance are obtained in closed-form, which are verified by exact Monte Carlo simulations. By using the developed expressions, we analyze in greater detail some effects such as the SNR of the eavesdropper's channel, the normalized beamwidth at the receiver-side, and the location and orientation of the eavesdropper on the secrecy performance for different turbulence conditions.
Despite the high directivity of optical beams, free-space optical (FSO) communications may be compromised by the presence of an external observer, particularly when the beam footprint at the receiver side is greatly wider than the receiver size. In this paper, a new framework is developed for the analysis of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC) in FSO systems over gamma-gamma (GG) fading channels with nonzero boresight pointing errors. As a key feature, we include the eavesdropper's location in the pointing error model corresponding to the wiretap channel model. In this way, new approximate and asymptotic solutions for both the SOP and the probability of SPSC are obtained in closed-form, which are validated by Monte Carlo simulations. Using the developed expressions, we can study some effects such as the impact of the eavesdropper's location and the beam width on the secrecy outage performance.
In this paper, the secrecy performance of the physical layer security (PLS) of the hybrid free-space optical/radio frequency (FSO/RF) communication system is analyzed. The transmission protocol of the considered system is performed under the eavesdropper's attempt to overhear the RF link between the transmitter and legitimate receiver of the hybrid system. The FSO link is characterized by Málaga-M distribution while the RF links are modeled by Nakagami-m distribution. The two practical eavesdropping modes considered in this paper include: colluding and non-colluding. Exact closed-form expressions for the system's secrecy outage probability (SOP), the asymptotic of the SOP (SOP∞), the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC), the average secrecy capacity (ASC), and the asymptotic of the ASC (ASC∞), are specifically derived under the influence of both eavesdropper modes. Our derived analytical expressions present an efficient tool to investigate the impact of some channel parameters on the secrecy performance, namely the fading severity of the RF links, atmospheric turbulence severity, pointing error of the FSO link, number of eavesdroppers, and the power of the eavesdropper links. The results show that the increase of the eavesdroppers' number under both modes profoundly degrades the considered system secrecy performance. The accuracy of the numerical results obtained is validated by Monte-Carlo simulations.
When the beam waist radius of the receiver is significantly larger than that of the receiver, the free-space optical link is vulnerable to some optical capture risks in the physical layer. In this paper, we propose a new method to analyze the average secrecy capacity performance of the FSO system under Fisher-Snedecor (F)-distribution turbulence combined with the unified pointing error. As a key feature, we evaluate security performance in the presence of an external eavesdropper that exists anywhere on the same receiving plane as the receiver. Based on this model, we derive the exact average secrecy capacity expression and verify it by accurate Monte Carlo simulation. By using the expression, we analyze in detail the influence of the electrical signal-to-noise ratio of the main channel, the influence of different waist radius of the beam in the receiver plane on the average secrecy capacity performance under different turbulence conditions.
In this paper, the secrecy outage probability of a partially coherent beam free-space optical communication system considering the combined effect of anisotropic non-Kolmogorov strong turbulent atmosphere and the eavesdropper’s position is investigated. The Fisher–Snedecor distribution is chosen to model the atmospheric turbulence because it is not only suitable for weak to strong turbulence conditions but is also mathematically simple. Based on the fading channel model and the generalized pointing error model, we derive analytical expressions for the lower bounded secrecy outage probability. Also, we obtain asymptotic closed-form expression at a high signal-to-noise regime. The obtained expressions are corroborated by Monte Carlo simulations. The calculation results based on the analytical expressions show that increasing the source coherence parameter makes the secrecy interruption probability performance first better and then worse for a given condition, and an optimal value is observed. The anisotropic coefficient and power law have a positive effect on the secrecy outage probability of the free-space optical communication system. Under the given conditions, the performance of the secrecy outage probability is significantly improved by the divergent beam, although the increased spot size at the receiver makes it easier for eavesdroppers to tap the link. The secrecy outage probability performance deteriorates as the vertical component of Bob, the jitter variance, and the refractive index structure constant increase.