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Eighth Symposium on Novel Photoelectronic Detection Technology and Applications

Average secrecy capacity in FSO system over F-distribution channel considering the eavesdropper’s location

Hongyu Wu, Jing Ma, Sheng Jiang, Liying Tan, Qi Wang, Pengzhen Guo

Published Mar 27, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

When the beam waist radius of the receiver is significantly larger than that of the receiver, the free-space optical link is vulnerable to some optical capture risks in the physical layer. In this paper, we propose a new method to analyze the average secrecy capacity performance of the FSO system under Fisher-Snedecor (F)-distribution turbulence combined with the unified pointing error. As a key feature, we evaluate security performance in the presence of an external eavesdropper that exists anywhere on the same receiving plane as the receiver. Based on this model, we derive the exact average secrecy capacity expression and verify it by accurate Monte Carlo simulation. By using the expression, we analyze in detail the influence of the electrical signal-to-noise ratio of the main channel, the influence of different waist radius of the beam in the receiver plane on the average secrecy capacity performance under different turbulence conditions.

DOI
10.1117/12.2625804

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When the beam waist radius of the receiver is significantly larger than that of the receiver, the free-space optical link is vulnerable to some optical capture risks in the physical layer. In this paper, we propose a new method to analyze the average secrecy capacity performance of the FSO system under Fisher-Snedecor (F)-distribution turbulence combined with the unified pointing error. As a key feature, we evaluate security performance in the presence of an external eavesdropper that exists anywhere on the same receiving plane as the receiver. Based on this model, we derive the exact average secrecy capacity expression and verify it by accurate Monte Carlo simulation. By using the expression, we analyze in detail the influence of the electrical signal-to-noise ratio of the main channel, the influence of different waist radius of the beam in the receiver plane on the average secrecy capacity performance under different turbulence conditions.
This work is concerned with the secrecy performance of a free-space optical (FSO) communication system over Fisher-SnedecorF\mathcal {F}F-distribution turbulence fading channel. Considering the influence of pointing error, atmospheric turbulence and different detection technique (i.e., the intensity modulation with direct detection and heterodyne detection), we derive the exact closed-form expressions for the average secrecy capacity (ASC), the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and the strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC) in terms of Meijer’s G-function. Furthermore, the asymptotic expression for SOP is analyzed as the electrical signal-to-noise ratio approaches infinity. Monte Carlo simulations are provided to validate analytical results.
When the beam waist at the receiver is significantly larger than the receiver size, free-space optical (FSO) links may be vulnerable to some optical tapping risks at the physical layer. In this paper, we conduct a new framework for the analysis of the secrecy performance in terms of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) of FSO systems affected by gamma-gamma (GG) turbulence-induced fading channels with pointing errors. As a key feature, we evaluate the SOP in the presence of an external eavesdropper with generic location and orientation. For that reason, a new misalignment error model is proposed to consider a non-orthogonal optical beam with respect to the photodetector plane at the eavesdropper's receiver, where the effective area is determined by a rotated ellipse. New approximate and asymptotic solutions at high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) for the secrecy performance are obtained in closed-form, which are verified by exact Monte Carlo simulations. By using the developed expressions, we analyze in greater detail some effects such as the SNR of the eavesdropper's channel, the normalized beamwidth at the receiver-side, and the location and orientation of the eavesdropper on the secrecy performance for different turbulence conditions.
This paper presents a secrecy performance analysis of a parallel free-space optical/millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication system with a selection-combining receiver over a unified Fisher-SnedecorF\mathcal{F}F-distribution channel. TheF\mathcal{F}F-distribution model, with the proper parameters, may be used to describe both the mm-wave and optical channels. The security performance is specifically evaluated by deriving closed-form expressions for the average secrecy capacity, secrecy outage probability, and strictly positive secrecy capacity. We examine the three following distinct security scenarios: 1) An FSO-link eavesdropping attack, 2) mm-wave-link eavesdropping attacks, and 3) eavesdropping attacks on FSO and mm-wave links at the same time. Furthermore, to better understand the influence of various system and channel parameters, asymptotic analysis is performed at high signal-to-noise ratio values. Our developed analytical expressions provide an efficient tool for examining the influence of various system and channel parameters on the secrecy performance, including the atmospheric turbulence severity, pointing errors of the FSO link, fading severity, the shadowing parameters, as well as the number of diversity branches of the mm-wave links. Monte-Carlo simulations are used to verify the correctness of the numerical findings.
Physical layer security of a free-space optical (FSO) communication link is investigated for certain eavesdropping scenarios in which the eavesdropper exploits the divergence of the transmitted laser beam, which is subject to atmospheric turbulence, to compromise the security of the transmission link. A solution for physical layer security in which the legitimate receiver is positioned to receive only the coherent component of the transmitted laser beam is proposed. The irradiance fluctuations are modeled with separate distributions for the coherent and non-coherent components of the transmitted beam, corresponding to the main channel and the eavesdropper’s channel, respectively. Complete secrecy analysis of this setup is presented, and closed form expressions of the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity, average secrecy capacity, and secrecy outage probability are derived. The analytical results are verified by Monte-Carlo simulations. Secrecy performance for worst-case scenarios corresponding to an adversary with powerful resources to capture all of the leaked information is explored. Results are analyzed for different turbulence regimes, and it was found that secure communication is possible even in the region of strong turbulence.
In this paper, the secrecy performance of the physical layer security (PLS) of the hybrid free-space optical/radio frequency (FSO/RF) communication system is analyzed. The transmission protocol of the considered system is performed under the eavesdropper's attempt to overhear the RF link between the transmitter and legitimate receiver of the hybrid system. The FSO link is characterized by Málaga-M distribution while the RF links are modeled by Nakagami-m distribution. The two practical eavesdropping modes considered in this paper include: colluding and non-colluding. Exact closed-form expressions for the system's secrecy outage probability (SOP), the asymptotic of the SOP (SOP∞), the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC), the average secrecy capacity (ASC), and the asymptotic of the ASC (ASC∞), are specifically derived under the influence of both eavesdropper modes. Our derived analytical expressions present an efficient tool to investigate the impact of some channel parameters on the secrecy performance, namely the fading severity of the RF links, atmospheric turbulence severity, pointing error of the FSO link, number of eavesdroppers, and the power of the eavesdropper links. The results show that the increase of the eavesdroppers' number under both modes profoundly degrades the considered system secrecy performance. The accuracy of the numerical results obtained is validated by Monte-Carlo simulations.
In this paper, we numerically study the secrecy performance of the free-space optical (FSO) system by considering different eavesdropping scenarios. More precisely, we considered three possible eavesdropping scenarios for Eve : 1) Eve is between Alice and Bob ; 2) Eve and Bob are in the same receiving plane; 3) Eve is behind Bob . We adopt the Málaga ( M )-distribution channel to model atmospheric turbulence due to the presence of link blockage while considering the non-zero boresight pointing error and path loss. To do so, we obtain a novel probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) under different eavesdropping scenarios, based on which we derived the secrecy outage probability (SOP) analytical expressions as well as their asymptotic expressions at a high SNR regime. We verified the results using Monte Carlo simulations, which showed that the parameters related to atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors, as well as the location of the eavesdropper, have different effects on different eavesdropping scenarios.