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IEEE photonics journal

Secrecy Performance Analysis of Parallel FSO/mm-wave System Over Unified Fisher-Snedecor Channels

Wafaa Mohammed Ridha Shakir, Mohamed‐Slim Alouini

Published Feb 16, 2022• 20 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper presents a secrecy performance analysis of a parallel free-space optical/millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication system with a selection-combining receiver over a unified Fisher-Snedecor$\mathcal{F}$-distribution channel. The$\mathcal{F}$-distribution model, with the proper parameters, may be used to describe both the mm-wave and optical channels. The security performance is specifically evaluated by deriving closed-form expressions for the average secrecy capacity, secrecy outage probability, and strictly positive secrecy capacity. We examine the three following distinct security scenarios: 1) An FSO-link eavesdropping attack, 2) mm-wave-link eavesdropping attacks, and 3) eavesdropping attacks on FSO and mm-wave links at the same time. Furthermore, to better understand the influence of various system and channel parameters, asymptotic analysis is performed at high signal-to-noise ratio values. Our developed analytical expressions provide an efficient tool for examining the influence of various system and channel parameters on the secrecy performance, including the atmospheric turbulence severity, pointing errors of the FSO link, fading severity, the shadowing parameters, as well as the number of diversity branches of the mm-wave links. Monte-Carlo simulations are used to verify the correctness of the numerical findings.

DOI
10.1109/jphot.2022.3151675

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When the beam waist radius of the receiver is significantly larger than that of the receiver, the free-space optical link is vulnerable to some optical capture risks in the physical layer. In this paper, we propose a new method to analyze the average secrecy capacity performance of the FSO system under Fisher-Snedecor (F)-distribution turbulence combined with the unified pointing error. As a key feature, we evaluate security performance in the presence of an external eavesdropper that exists anywhere on the same receiving plane as the receiver. Based on this model, we derive the exact average secrecy capacity expression and verify it by accurate Monte Carlo simulation. By using the expression, we analyze in detail the influence of the electrical signal-to-noise ratio of the main channel, the influence of different waist radius of the beam in the receiver plane on the average secrecy capacity performance under different turbulence conditions.
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This research paper investigates the security and reliability aspects of a multiuser free space optical (MU-FSO) system when exposed to eavesdropper attacks. The system experiences atmospheric turbulence, specifically generalized Fisher-Snedecor F turbulence, which leads to significant signal fading. To enhance the security and reliability of the MU-FSO system, the study employs three scheduling schemes: optimal scheduling (OS), round-robin scheduling (RS), and cumulative distribution function scheduling (CS). The paper derives precise expressions for the intercept probability (IP) and outage probability (OP) of the MU-FSO system to compare the performance of these opportunistic scheduling schemes considering the impact of atmospheric turbulence and path loss. Additionally, the paper presents simplified expressions for the asymptotic behavior of IP and OP with acceptable accuracy. Numerical results demonstrate how the performance of the MU-FSO system in terms of secrecy and reliability is influenced by factors such as the conditions of the main and wiretap channels, distances between legitimate users, the number of active users, and the power levels of the legitimate and eavesdropping links. Monte Carlo simulations are used to verify the correctness of the numerical results.
In this article, we study the physical-layer security performance of the mixed millimeter-wave (mm-wave) radio frequency (RF) assisted free-space optical (FSO) system as a future candidate transmission technology. The Rician and the Gamma-Gamma fading are investigated for the mm-wave RF and the FSO channels, respectively. More precisely, to analyze the secrecy performance of our considered system, we derive exact closed-form expressions for the average secrecy capacity and lower bound of the secrecy outage probability. Our considered system model involves the fixed-gain and the variable-gain relaying protocols, mm-wave characteristics and pointing errors in the RF and the FSO links and finally the heterodyne detection and the intensity modulation with direct detection techniques. Monte Carlo simulation results are provided to verify our analytical results and also to investigate the effects of mentioned parameters and techniques in the security performance of the proposed mixed system.
In this paper, we numerically study the secrecy performance of the free-space optical (FSO) system by considering different eavesdropping scenarios. More precisely, we considered three possible eavesdropping scenarios for Eve : 1) Eve is between Alice and Bob ; 2) Eve and Bob are in the same receiving plane; 3) Eve is behind Bob . We adopt the Málaga ( M )-distribution channel to model atmospheric turbulence due to the presence of link blockage while considering the non-zero boresight pointing error and path loss. To do so, we obtain a novel probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) under different eavesdropping scenarios, based on which we derived the secrecy outage probability (SOP) analytical expressions as well as their asymptotic expressions at a high SNR regime. We verified the results using Monte Carlo simulations, which showed that the parameters related to atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors, as well as the location of the eavesdropper, have different effects on different eavesdropping scenarios.