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Scholars Journal of Physics Mathematics and Statistics

Quantum Information Transformation from One Particle onto another Particle by Using Hybrid and Hyper Entangled States

Necati Çeli̇k, Vikram Verma

Published Feb 28, 2022• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we propose two protocols for the transfer of quantum information carried by one particle onto another particle by using the path-spin hybrid and hyper entangled states as the quantum resources. It has been shown that the double slit arrangement with a spin flipper at one of its openings can be used for the generation of path-spin hybrid and hyper entangled states. By using such path-spin entangled states as the quantum resource, the quantum information encoded in one particle is transferred to another particle via spin and path measurements.

DOI
10.36347/sjpms.2022.v09i02.001

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In this paper, we propose two protocols for the transfer of quantum information carried by one particle onto another particle by using the path-spin hybrid and hyper entangled states as the quantum resources. It has been shown that the double slit arrangement with a spin flipper at one of its openings can be used for the generation of path-spin hybrid and hyper entangled states. By using such path-spin entangled states as the quantum resource, the quantum information encoded in one particle is transferred to another particle via spin and path measurements.
The present model deals with a protocol which involves the generation and conversion of entanglement from path-spin (P-S) hybrid entanglement associated with half-spin particle to spin-spin (S-S) interparticle entanglement. This protocol finds its applications in quantum information processing via a series of operations which include a beam splitter, spin flipper, spin measurement, classical channel, unitary transformations. Finally, it leads to two particles having completely entangled spin variables, without any requirement of any simultaneous operation on the two particles.
Based on a scheme that produces an entanglement between the spin and the path variables of a single spin-1/2 particle (qubit) using a beam-splitter and a spin-flipper, we formulate a procedure for transferring this intraparticle hybrid entanglement to an interparticle entanglement between the spin variables of two other spatially separated spin-1/2 particles which never interact with each other during the entire process. This procedure of entanglement swapping is accomplished by a Mach-Zehnder setup in conjunction with the Stern-Gerlach measuring device, using suitable unitary operations. The proposed protocol, thus, enables the use of intraparticle entanglement as a resource - a feature that has remained unexplored.
The wave-particle duality of light has led to two different encodings of optical quantum information. One approach, referred to as the discrete-variable (DV) one, relies on finite dimensional quantum systems, while the other one, referred to as the continuous-variable (CV) one, is based on wave-like states belonging to an infinite dimensional Hilbert space. These two encodings have historically been separated, but recently, new hybrid protocols which aim at combining the advantages of the two encodings have emerged [1] . In that prospect our recent demonstration of the measurement-induced generation of hybrid entanglement between discrete- and continuous-variable quantum states [2] , [3] , located at distant places and connected by a lossy channel, has opened the way to the implementation of hybrid protocols and heterogeneous quantum networks. Following the first protocols based on this resource, such as the remote preparation of continuous-variable qubits [4] , or a violation of an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering inequality [5] , we will here report our latest experimental results on entanglement swapping and quantum teleportation protocols using hybrid entangled states based on different encodings [6] .
Based on a scheme that produces pure entanglement between the spin and the path variables of a single spin‐1/2 particle (qubit) using a beam‐splitter and a spin flipper, we formulate a procedure for transferring this intraparticle hybrid entanglement to an interparticle pure entanglement between the spin variables of two other spatially separated spin‐1/2 particles which never interact with each other during the entire process. We extend the above procedure to the case of mixed states. The mixed state is generated when path‐spin entanglement in a particle passes through a noisy channel such as an amplitude damping channel. We then show that the spin‐spin entanglement at the output is useful for quantum information processing if the noise parameter is less than a certain value.
We propose a protocol for transferring photons of unknown states to a distant location using path-polarization hybrid entanglement. Our protocol uses a polarizing beam splitter (PBS), a beam splitter (BS), a CNOT-operation, four unitary operations and polarizing detectors. In our protocol, the hybrid entangled states are generated by the PBS, and it is transmitted through the quantum channel containing the BS and CNOT-gate. The measurement results of the polarizing detectors and classical communications determine which unitary operation will be used in the last step for recovering initial states. The security of the channel in transmitting unknown photons between two parties is confirmed by the results of the measurement of each target photon in the control mode.