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Annalen der Physik

Perfect Single‐Magnon Generator Based on a Hybrid Cavity‐Magnonic System

Shi‐Yan Li, Ai‐Dong Zhu

Published Feb 23, 2022• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract A theoretical scheme for a single‐magnon generator based on a hybrid cavity‐magnonic system, in which a microwave cavity is coupled to the magnetostatic mode through the magnetic dipole interaction and coupled to a superconducting qubit (transmon) through electric dipole interaction, and the virtual excitation of microwave photons mediates the interaction between the magnon mode and the transmon qubit, is proposed. The magnon blockade effect is studied based on the coexistence mechanism of anharmonicity of energy levels and multipath interference, and a global optimal condition of magnon blockade is obtained. The numerical results with accessible experimental parameters demonstrate that under this global optimal condition, a perfect single‐magnon generator with a second‐order correlation function tends to zero and a higher single‐magnon number can be achieved even at ambient temperature up to 25 mK. The current scheme is proposed based on the lithographically scalable and superconducting circuit compatible design, which provides convenience for precisely and flexibly engineering in experiments. It is expected to be used as an integrated single‐quanta generator in quantum network.

DOI
10.1002/andp.202100609

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Abstract A theoretical scheme for a single‐magnon generator based on a hybrid cavity‐magnonic system, in which a microwave cavity is coupled to the magnetostatic mode through the magnetic dipole interaction and coupled to a superconducting qubit (transmon) through electric dipole interaction, and the virtual excitation of microwave photons mediates the interaction between the magnon mode and the transmon qubit, is proposed. The magnon blockade effect is studied based on the coexistence mechanism of anharmonicity of energy levels and multipath interference, and a global optimal condition of magnon blockade is obtained. The numerical results with accessible experimental parameters demonstrate that under this global optimal condition, a perfect single‐magnon generator with a second‐order correlation function tends to zero and a higher single‐magnon number can be achieved even at ambient temperature up to 25 mK. The current scheme is proposed based on the lithographically scalable and superconducting circuit compatible design, which provides convenience for precisely and flexibly engineering in experiments. It is expected to be used as an integrated single‐quanta generator in quantum network.
ABSTRACT We propose a scheme to realize magnon blockade in a hybrid system composed of a transmon‐type superconducting qubit directly coupled to the magnon mode of a single‐crystalline yttrium‐iron‐garnet sphere. By applying two‐tone driving to the qubit, we engineer an effective Hamiltonian for the magnon mode including both single‐magnon and two‐magnon interaction. Due to the destructive interference between two transition paths, the two‐magnon excitation is suppressed, and thus the unconventional magnon blockade can be achieved. We also demonstrate that the intrinsic anharmonicity of the qubit can be transferred to the magnon mode through their coherent hybridization, but this anharmonicity has almost no influence on the blockade effect. Through solving the second‐order correlation function analytically and numerically, we show that the scheme can be realized under experimentally feasible conditions and remains robust against system dissipations and environment temperature. Therefore, the presented work provides a viable path toward generating single‐magnon sources and advancing quantum information processing with magnonic platforms.
A hybrid system established by the direct interaction between a magnon mode and a superconducting transmon qubit is used to realize a high-degree blockade for magnon. It is a fundamental way toward quantum manipulation at the level of a single magnon and preparation of single magnon sources. Through weakly driving the magnon and probing the qubit, our magnon-blockade proposal can be optimized when the transversal coupling strength between the magnon and qubit is equivalent to the detuning of the qubit and the probing field or that of the magnon and the driving field. Under this condition, the equal-time second-order correlation function g(2)(0){g}^{(2)}(0)g(2)(0) can be analytically minimized when the probing intensity is about three times the driving intensity. Moreover, the magnon blockade could be further enhanced by proper driving intensity and system decay rate, whose magnitudes outrange the current systems of cavity QED and cavity optomechanics. In particular, the correlation function achieves ${g}^{(2)}(0)\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$, about two orders lower than that for the photon blockade in cavity optomechanics. Also, we discuss the effects on g(2)(0){g}^{(2)}(0)g(2)(0) from thermal noise and the extra longitudinal interaction between the magnon and qubit. Our optimized conditions for blockade are found to persist in these nonideal situations.
Abstract Magnon blockade (MB) is a fundamental quantum phenomenon for generating single-magnon states, and has gradually become one of the candidates for quantum information processing. We extend existing blockade optimization schemes to a hybrid system consisting of a YIG micromagnet and a skyrmion, and propose a theoretical scheme for achieving MB on this platform. Under weak magnon probing and external driving of the skyrmion qubit, the second-order correlation function is analytically derived, and the optimal parameter conditions for both conventional and unconventional MB are identified. By appropriately adjusting the intensities of the driving and probing fields, the MB effect is significantly enhanced, multi-magnon excitations are effectively suppressed, and strong antibunching is achieved. Further analysis reveals that MB originates from two distinct physical mechanisms: conventional blockade induced by anharmonicity of the energy level structure, and unconventional blockade arising from quantum interference between different transition paths. On this platform, the two mechanisms coexist and can be synergistically controlled, and their cooperation yields a blockade effect superior to that of either mechanism alone. This work thus provides a feasible theoretical scheme for the effective manipulation of MB effects.
Hybrid quantum states consisting of single photons and single magnons are valuable quantum resources for realizing multiple quantum information tasks. The blockade effects of magnons and photons in a cavity–magnon–qubit system are investigated, where an auxiliary microwave cavity is simultaneously coupled with an yttrium iron garnet sphere, a qubit, and another microwave cavity. The modes of the auxiliary cavity are adiabatically eliminated, and the virtual photons in the auxiliary cavity mediate the coupling between the magnon mode and photon mode. When the system parameters satisfy both conventional and unconventional blockade conditions, both the magnon/photon auto‐correlation and magnon–photon cross‐correlation are weak, indicating that magnons and photons tend to exist alone in the system. When the system parameters only satisfy unconventional blockade conditions, strong magnon–photon cross‐correlation can be exhibited, indicating that magnons and photons tend to exist simultaneously in the system. The proposal presents a method for preparing magnon–photon pairs, which may have potential applications in quantum information sciences and technologies.
We propose a scheme to generate entanglement between magnon and superconducting qubit. The macroscopic yttrium–iron–garnet sphere and superconducting qubit are installed in two spatially separated cavities, which are directly driven by a two-mode squeezed-vacuum microwave field. The magnon and cavity 1 are coupled via magnetic dipole interaction and the superconducting qubit and cavity 2 are coupled via electric dipole interaction. We theoretically demonstrate that the magnon–qubit steady-state entanglement can be created by transferring quantum correlations of the two-mode squeezed-vacuum driving field via cavity–magnon and cavity–qubit beam-splitter interactions. The transfer is highly efficient, and the entanglement is robust against temperature in the optimal parameter regimes. We also deduce a new, to the best of our knowledge, mathematical method to analyze the dynamics of the magnon–qubit entanglement and some significant results are obtained. Our scheme can be implemented with experimentally feasible parameters and may provide guidance in designing hybrid quantum networks.
We propose a scheme for preparing magnon squeezed states in a hybrid cavity-magnon-qubit system. The system consists of a microwave cavity that simultaneously couples to a magnon mode of a macroscopic yttrium-iron-garnet sphere via the magnetic-dipole interaction and to a transmon-type superconducting qubit via the electric-dipole interaction. By far detuning from the magnon-qubit system, the microwave cavity is adiabatically eliminated. The magnon mode and the qubit then get effectively coupled via the mediation of virtual photons of the microwave cavity. We show that by driving the qubit with two microwave fields and by appropriately choosing the drive frequencies and strengths, magnonic parametric amplification can be realized, which leads to magnon quadrature squeezing with the noise below vacuum fluctuation. We provide optimal conditions for achieving magnon squeezing, and moderate squeezing can be obtained using currently available parameters. The generated squeezed states are of a magnon mode involving more than 1018{10}^{18}1018 spins and thus macroscopic quantum states. This work may find promising applications in quantum information processing and high-precision measurements based on magnons and in the study of macroscopic quantum states.