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Advanced Photonics Research

Preparing Magnon–Photon Pairs in a Cavity–Magnon–Qubit System

Yi Ren, Kaixun Huang, Xin Wang, Hao Xiong

Published May 6, 2025• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Hybrid quantum states consisting of single photons and single magnons are valuable quantum resources for realizing multiple quantum information tasks. The blockade effects of magnons and photons in a cavity–magnon–qubit system are investigated, where an auxiliary microwave cavity is simultaneously coupled with an yttrium iron garnet sphere, a qubit, and another microwave cavity. The modes of the auxiliary cavity are adiabatically eliminated, and the virtual photons in the auxiliary cavity mediate the coupling between the magnon mode and photon mode. When the system parameters satisfy both conventional and unconventional blockade conditions, both the magnon/photon auto‐correlation and magnon–photon cross‐correlation are weak, indicating that magnons and photons tend to exist alone in the system. When the system parameters only satisfy unconventional blockade conditions, strong magnon–photon cross‐correlation can be exhibited, indicating that magnons and photons tend to exist simultaneously in the system. The proposal presents a method for preparing magnon–photon pairs, which may have potential applications in quantum information sciences and technologies.

DOI
10.1002/adpr.202500029

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Hybrid quantum states consisting of single photons and single magnons are valuable quantum resources for realizing multiple quantum information tasks. The blockade effects of magnons and photons in a cavity–magnon–qubit system are investigated, where an auxiliary microwave cavity is simultaneously coupled with an yttrium iron garnet sphere, a qubit, and another microwave cavity. The modes of the auxiliary cavity are adiabatically eliminated, and the virtual photons in the auxiliary cavity mediate the coupling between the magnon mode and photon mode. When the system parameters satisfy both conventional and unconventional blockade conditions, both the magnon/photon auto‐correlation and magnon–photon cross‐correlation are weak, indicating that magnons and photons tend to exist alone in the system. When the system parameters only satisfy unconventional blockade conditions, strong magnon–photon cross‐correlation can be exhibited, indicating that magnons and photons tend to exist simultaneously in the system. The proposal presents a method for preparing magnon–photon pairs, which may have potential applications in quantum information sciences and technologies.
We propose a hybrid cavity-magnon system scheme that integrates a yttrium iron garnet sphere with a microwave cavity filled with Kerr medium, aiming to achieve both conventional and unconventional photon blockade simultaneously. Our research demonstrates that by tuning the strength of the Kerr nonlinearity and adjusting the two-photon driving intensity, we can realize quantum effects associated with both types of photon blockade. Furthermore, through careful selection of system parameters, we have obtained optimal results for photon blockade under ideal conditions. This scheme fully exploits the advantages offered by both conventional and unconventional photon blockade mechanisms, effectively reducing the equal-time second-order photon correlation function while also achieving a higher mean photon number. It provides an alternative and experimentally feasible platform for preparing single-photon sources characterized by enhanced purity and brightness.
We propose an alternative scheme to achieve the cross-correlations between magnon and photon in a hybrid nonlinear system including two microwave cavities and one yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere, where two cavities nonlinearly interact and meanwhile one of cavities couples to magnon representing the collective excitation in YIG sphere via magnetic dipole interaction. Based on dispersive couplings between two cavities and between one cavity and magnon with the larger detunings, the nonlinear interaction occurs between the other cavity and magnon, which plays a crucial role in generating quantum correlations. By analyzing the second-order correlation functions via numerical simulations and analytical calculations, the remarkable nonclassical correlations are existent in such a system, where the magnon blockade and photon antibunching could be obtainable on demand. The scheme we present is focused on the magnon-photon cross-correlations in the weak coupling regime and relaxes the requirements of experimental conditions, which may have potential applications in quantum information processing in the hybrid system.
We propose a scheme for preparing magnon squeezed states in a hybrid cavity-magnon-qubit system. The system consists of a microwave cavity that simultaneously couples to a magnon mode of a macroscopic yttrium-iron-garnet sphere via the magnetic-dipole interaction and to a transmon-type superconducting qubit via the electric-dipole interaction. By far detuning from the magnon-qubit system, the microwave cavity is adiabatically eliminated. The magnon mode and the qubit then get effectively coupled via the mediation of virtual photons of the microwave cavity. We show that by driving the qubit with two microwave fields and by appropriately choosing the drive frequencies and strengths, magnonic parametric amplification can be realized, which leads to magnon quadrature squeezing with the noise below vacuum fluctuation. We provide optimal conditions for achieving magnon squeezing, and moderate squeezing can be obtained using currently available parameters. The generated squeezed states are of a magnon mode involving more than 1018{10}^{18}1018 spins and thus macroscopic quantum states. This work may find promising applications in quantum information processing and high-precision measurements based on magnons and in the study of macroscopic quantum states.
We investigate magnon statistics in a qubit-magnon hybrid quantum system in which an effective appreciable qubit-magnon coupling can be realized by exchanging virtual cavity photons. A conventional magnon blockade and two types of unconventional magnon blockades are proposed, respectively, based on three different physical mechanisms. We verify theoretically that a magnon blockade can occur in strong, weak, and moderate qubit-magnon coupling regimes. It is interesting that an asymmetry structure for magnon anti-bunching can be observed in the case of the moderate qubit-magnon coupling strength, especially where the quantum interference can significantly relax the requirement of the larger coupling strength between the qubit and magnon mode. All of the approximate analytical results for strong magnon anti-bunching are in good agreement with those obtained by numerical simulations. Our results provide a promising pathway for coherent manipulation in single magnon level, which has potential applications for quantum information processing and preparation of single magnon sources.
We investigate magnon–photon pair antibunching in a cavity optomagnonic system, in which a yttrium iron garnet sphere simultaneously supports two optical modes and a magnon mode and is driven by squeezed light and coherent light. The results illustrate that by applying squeezed light, the conventional magnon–photon pair blockade (CMPPB) originating from anharmonic energy levels and the unconventional magnon–photon pair blockade (UMPPB) induced by destructive quantum interference can coexist in the same platform. Both blockade effects can be flexibly tuned by the driving detuning and the optomagnonic coupling strength. Within the explored parameter regime, the UMPPB exhibits a nontrivial dependence on the driving strengths of coherent light and squeezed light, and bunching regions may also appear. These results provide a tunable framework for controlling magnon–photon pair antibunching, which may be useful for the generation and manipulation of hybrid nonclassical states in cavity optomagnonic systems.
ABSTRACT We propose a scheme to realize magnon blockade in a hybrid system composed of a transmon‐type superconducting qubit directly coupled to the magnon mode of a single‐crystalline yttrium‐iron‐garnet sphere. By applying two‐tone driving to the qubit, we engineer an effective Hamiltonian for the magnon mode including both single‐magnon and two‐magnon interaction. Due to the destructive interference between two transition paths, the two‐magnon excitation is suppressed, and thus the unconventional magnon blockade can be achieved. We also demonstrate that the intrinsic anharmonicity of the qubit can be transferred to the magnon mode through their coherent hybridization, but this anharmonicity has almost no influence on the blockade effect. Through solving the second‐order correlation function analytically and numerically, we show that the scheme can be realized under experimentally feasible conditions and remains robust against system dissipations and environment temperature. Therefore, the presented work provides a viable path toward generating single‐magnon sources and advancing quantum information processing with magnonic platforms.