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International Journal of Theoretical Physics

Two-Photon Blockade with Second-Order Nonlinearity in Cavity Systems

Qi‐Cheng Wu, Xingyuan Zhang, Yueming Wang, Tong Liu, Y. H. Zhou, Hong-Zhi Shen, Chui‐Ping Yang

Published Feb 1, 2022• 5 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10773-022-05024-x

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We have achieved a conventional photon blockade and two-photon blockade in a second-order nonlinear system with a two-level atom embedded in a high-frequency cavity. The physical mechanisms behind the implementation of both types of photon blockade are explained, and analytical conditions for achieving a conventional photon blockade are derived, which are consistent with the numerical solutions of the master equation in the steady-state limit. By appropriately setting the system parameters, we can achieve simultaneous conventional photon blockade in the high-frequency cavity and two-photon blockade in the low-frequency cavity. The effects of driving factors and environmental temperature on photon blockade are analyzed. The adjustability of the coupling coefficient between the high-frequency cavity and the atom, as well as the nonlinear coupling coefficient between different nanocavities, is discussed in the context of implementing conventional photon blockades. The tunability of these coupling coefficients may significantly reduce the experimental complexity of implementing the system.
Photon blockade (PB) is generally classified into conventional and unconventional types based on their distinct physical mechanisms. Recent studies have aimed to bridge the two regimes to realize a universal photon blockade (universal PB) that combines their respective advantages. Here, we propose a scheme for achieving universal PB based on second-order nonlinearity. The second-order nonlinear coupling between two cavity modes mediates the fundamental interaction, while an optical parametric amplifier embedded in one cavity introduces additional quantum interference pathways. We analytically derive the optimal conditions for universal PB, and the analytical results show excellent agreement with numerical simulations. By comparing universal PB with conventional PB, we highlight its unique performance advantages: the scheme operates effectively in both strong and weak coupling regimes, relaxes experimental constraints, and achieves an ultra-low equal-time second-order correlation function g (2) (0) down to 10 −7 , while maintaining a moderate mean photon number N a ∼ 10 −2 . This work provides a feasible and tunable platform for realizing high-purity single-photon sources and exploring quantum statistical properties in nonlinear cavity systems.
It is shown that the Fizeau drag can cause nonreciprocity. We propose the use of a nanostructured ring cavity made of ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(2)}$ nonlinear materials to achieve a nonreciprocal photon blockade (PB) through the Fizeau drag. Under the weak driving condition, we discuss the PB phenomena for the fundamental mode and the second-harmonic mode. We find that for the fundamental mode the PB happens when we drive the system from one side but disappears when we drive the system from the other side. However, there is no such phenomenon for the second-harmonic mode. Remarkably, the PB phenomenon occurs with a reasonably small optical nonlinearity, thus bringing the system parameters closer to the reasonably achievable realm by the current technology.