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arXiv:1905.06502 · Physical Review A

Nonreciprocal photon blockade in a two-mode cavity with a second-order nonlinearity

Kai Wang, Qin Wu, Ya‐Fei Yu, Zhi‐Ming Zhang

Published Nov 14, 2019• 72 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

It is shown that the Fizeau drag can cause nonreciprocity. We propose the use of a nanostructured ring cavity made of ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(2)}$ nonlinear materials to achieve a nonreciprocal photon blockade (PB) through the Fizeau drag. Under the weak driving condition, we discuss the PB phenomena for the fundamental mode and the second-harmonic mode. We find that for the fundamental mode the PB happens when we drive the system from one side but disappears when we drive the system from the other side. However, there is no such phenomenon for the second-harmonic mode. Remarkably, the PB phenomenon occurs with a reasonably small optical nonlinearity, thus bringing the system parameters closer to the reasonably achievable realm by the current technology.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.100.053832

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It is shown that the Fizeau drag can cause nonreciprocity. We propose the use of a nanostructured ring cavity made of \ensuremathχ(2){\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(2)}\ensuremathχ(2) nonlinear materials to achieve a nonreciprocal photon blockade (PB) through the Fizeau drag. Under the weak driving condition, we discuss the PB phenomena for the fundamental mode and the second-harmonic mode. We find that for the fundamental mode the PB happens when we drive the system from one side but disappears when we drive the system from the other side. However, there is no such phenomenon for the second-harmonic mode. Remarkably, the PB phenomenon occurs with a reasonably small optical nonlinearity, thus bringing the system parameters closer to the reasonably achievable realm by the current technology.
In this paper, we propose how to achieve nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade (NUPB) in a spinning system consisting of two single-mode cavities with [Formula: see text] nonlinearity through the Fizeau drag when the two cavities are driven simultaneously. Under the weak driving condition, we discuss the physical origins of nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade, which originates from the destructive interference between different paths from the ground state to the two-photon state by driving the device from the left side. While the quantum interference paths are broken when the device is driven from the right side, resulting in photon bunching. The optimal condition for the nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade is analytically derived. We also calculate the analytical expression of the delayed-time second-order correction function and compare it with the numerical simulation. Finally, we show that nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade never occurs with a single driving since two closed quantum pathways cannot be formed.
We propose how to create and manipulate one-way nonclassical light via photon blockade in rotating nonlinear devices. We refer to this effect as nonreciprocal photon blockade (PB). Specifically, we show that in a spinning Kerr resonator, PB happens when the resonator is driven in one direction but not the other. This occurs because of the Fizeau drag, leading to a full split of the resonance frequencies of the countercirculating modes. Different types of purely quantum correlations, such as single- and two-photon blockades, can emerge in different directions in a well-controlled manner, and the transition from PB to photon-induced tunneling is revealed as well. Our work opens up a new route to achieve quantum nonreciprocal devices, which are crucial elements in chiral quantum technologies or topological photonics.
In this Letter, we propose a scheme to achieve a nonreciprocal conventional photon blockade in a nonlinear device consisting of an atom and spinning cavity by manipulating the detuning between the atom and the cavity. We show that the single-photon blockade can be generated by driving the spinning resonator from one side, while photon-induced tunneling is driven by the other side with the same driving strength. This nonreciprocal conventional photon blockade effect originates from the Fizeau-Sagnac drag, which leads to different splitting of the resonance frequencies for the counter-circulating modes. We give four optimal solutions for Fizeau-Sagnac shifts to generate a nonreciprocal conventional photon blockade with the arbitrary detunings between atom and cavity.
In this paper, we show that the photon blockade (PB) can be observed in a nonreciprocal way with a driven spinning atom-cavity coupled filled with [Formula: see text] nonlinear medium. We analytically derive the optimal conditions for strong photon antibunching, which are in good agreement with those obtained by numerical simulations. Under the weak driving condition, we discuss the physical origins of the nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade (UPB), which originates from the destructive quantum interference between different paths from the ground state to two-photon states by driving the device from the left side. While the quantum interference paths are broken when the device is driven from the right side, which leads to the occurrence of the photon bunching. Moreover in the opposite direction of driving the device, we also observe another nonreciprocal UPB effect, which can occur by generating bunching and antibunching effects via driving the device from the left and right sides under the derived optimal conditions, respectively. Finally, we cannot observe the nonreciprocal UPB phenomenon with the large cavity decay compared to the atomic spontaneous emission rate (or the bad cavity limit), and give the physical reason behind it. Possible experimental implementation for this scheme is presented.
In this paper, we show that nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade can be observed in a spinning cavity immersed in a degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA) driven by the laser driving with weak Kerr nonlinearities through the Fizeau drag. We analytically derive the optimal conditions for strong antibunching, which are in good agreement with those obtained by numerical simulations. Under the weak driving condition, we discuss the physical origins of the nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade, which originates from the destructive interference between different paths from the ground state to two-photon states by driving the device from the left side. While the quantum interference paths are broken when the device is driven from the right side, which leads to the occurring of the photon bunching. Moreover, we extend the above results to the general non-Markovian regimes, in which the cavity couples with a thermal reservoir consisting of collection of infinite oscillators (bosonic photonic modes). We show nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade exhibits a transition from the non-Markovian to Markovian regimes by controlling environmental spectral width regardless of the weakness of OPA gain and driving field.
We propose a scheme to achieve nonreciprocal conventional photon blockades simultaneously in two independent optical modes, which are connected by a two-level system. In the case that only one optical mode is weakly driven, we find that strong nonreciprocal photon blockades of both optical modes can be observed. We show that, for both optical modes, the single-photon blockades happens by driving the nonlinear device from one side, while photon-induced tunneling appears when driving the system from the other side, which is attributed to the anharmonic eigenenergy spectrum constructed by resonantly coupling to a two-level system. According to photon resonance transition processes under different driving directions, the four optimal Fizeau-Sagnac shifts can be obtained to generate perfect nonreciprocal conventional photon blockades of both optical modes. Our study opens an avenue to simultaneously manipulate multiple nonreciprocal single-photon devices and may have potential applications in chiral quantum information processing.