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Springer proceedings in physics

Confined optical modes in photonic molecules and crystals

M. Bayer, A. Forchel, T. L. Reinecke, Peter A. Knipp

Published Jan 1, 2001• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-642-59484-7_306

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The efficiency of emitter sensitizers in OLEDs and solar cells can benefit from the properties of a photonic crystal. The reduction of energy modes by the photonic band gap favours Förster energy transfer in donor-acceptor pairs, and results in a population increase on the emitter excited states. Here we show how the intensity from Ir(ppy)3, typically used as an emitter and as a sensitizer, can be enhanced in the presence of BAlq under the influence of a photonic band gap. The suppression of the radiative emission from the BAlq due to optical confinement in a 3-dimensional photonic crystal helps to populate the excited states of the Ir(ppy)3 which leads to a high increase on the emission from this molecule. Since these organometallic compounds are extensively used in current technologies, the effect can have impact on many organic systems used in OLEDs and solar cells
In the present paper, resonant frequencies and modes of a three-atom photonic molecule and a photonic crystal placed within a cavity are numerically calculated. First, governing formulation in transverse electric field mode (TE) is obtained using Maxwell equations. Then, an algorithm based on a finite difference scheme and matrix algebra is presented. The algorithm is then implemented in a computer code developed by the authors. In the first run, resonant modes and frequencies of a linear three-atom molecule in the cavity are calculated. Calculations show that by increasing molecule length,the frequencies first come closer to each other but further increase reverses the process.Such a behavior is related to external cavity walls. In the case of photonic crystal in cavity, calculations show that the field distributions in the ground and first excited states are similar to the case where the cavity is homogeneously filled. On the other hand, calculations show that increasing the optical constant of the crystal decreases the frequencies. Such phenomenon is justified by the fact that light speed is slow in medium of high optical constants.