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Results in Physics

The steady-state of probe susceptibility in a four-level N-type atomic system with a squeezed vacuum field

Aida M. Awad, M.S. Badr, A.A. El-Rahman

Published Nov 12, 2021• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The gain, absorption and dispersion properties of a probe field for a four level N-type atomic system with a normal vacuum and a squeezed vacuum fields is studied. Under such conditions that normal and squeezed vacuum-induced interference among decay channels is significant. Our study also reveals that the quantum interference will produce a remarkable effect on the absorption and dispersion properties of the system. A single squeezed vacuum is coupled to three transitions. Numerically the effect of the squeezing vacuum field parameters and the relative phases between the squeezed vacuum and the probe (strong) fields on the index of refraction is analyzed.

DOI
10.1016/j.rinp.2021.104977

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The gain, absorption and dispersion properties of a probe field for a four level N-type atomic system with a normal vacuum and a squeezed vacuum fields is studied. Under such conditions that normal and squeezed vacuum-induced interference among decay channels is significant. Our study also reveals that the quantum interference will produce a remarkable effect on the absorption and dispersion properties of the system. A single squeezed vacuum is coupled to three transitions. Numerically the effect of the squeezing vacuum field parameters and the relative phases between the squeezed vacuum and the probe (strong) fields on the index of refraction is analyzed.
In this paper we analyze the steady-state populations and gain lineshape of a V-type three-level atom with a closely spaced excited doublet. The atom is driven by a strong coherent field, a weak probe, and a single broadband squeezed vacuum. We focus our attention in the interplay between the quantum interference and the squeezed field on the probe gain. It is shown that the relative phases between the two coherent fields and the squeezed field play an important role in the optical properties of the atom. Specifically, we find that the probe can experience gain without population inversion for proper values of the parameters characterizing the squeezed field and in the absence of incoherent pumping. The system can be tailored to exhibit multiple dispersion regimes accompanied by negligible gain or absorption over a large bandwidth, a desirable feature for obtaining propagation of pulses with negligible distortion.
When a four-level Y\mathsf{Y}Y-type atom with two highest nearly degenerate lying levels interacts with the same vacuum radiation field, its excited levels have vacuum-induced coherence due to the quantum interference between the spontaneous decay channels. We consider the effects of the vacuum-induced coherence on the electromagnetically induced transparency against single- and two-photon absorption in the atomic system. We find that the vacuum-induced coherence can lead to probe gain without incoherent pumping. On the other hand, the coherence can suppress the two-photon transparency, even in some cases where it can enhance the two-photon absorption. Another important result is the finding of the crucial role played by the relative phase between the probe and coupling fields: the two-photon transparency and the probe gain spectra can be modulated by this phase.
When the two excited levels in a V-type three-level atom are coupled by a microwave field,the quantum coherence is created by the interference between the atomic coupling transition channels.The probe absorption and dispersion properties can be modulated by adjusting the strength of microwave field,and the phenomenon of the high refractive index without absorption appears at the resonance.Besides,the relative phase control of probe gain can be achieved due to the quantum coherence induced by the microwave field.
When the transitions connected by two nearly degenerate ground levels with an intermediate level in a four-level inverted Y-type atom interact with the same vacuum radiation field,which will lead to the quantum interference and create the vacuum-induced coherence.We find that the vacuuminduced coherence can suppress the single-and two-photon transparency at resonance and lead to single-photon probe gain at other frequency.Meanwhile,it is shown that the single-and two-photon absorption spectra can be drastically modulated by the relative phase between the probe and coupling fields.
We discuss the effects of the incoherent pumping in both probe and coupling channels on the absorption and dispersion of the probe laser with quantum interference. The incoherent population pumping in the coupling channel decreases the probe transparency. When decay rate in the coupling channel is greater than that in the probe channel, the incoherent population pumping in the probe channel can create the gain without inversion. The probe absorption pattern is upsidedown if the interference is present. When the decay rates in the probe and channels are equal, the incoherent pumping in the probe channel doesn't create the gain until the existence of the interference.
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