Θεμελίωση της κβαντομηχανικής και της αρχής του κυματοσωματιδιακού δυισμού στα κβαντικά συστήματα 2 καταστάσεων

Abstract

This dissertation is divided into 5 parts. In the first part there is an extensive reference to the field of quantum mechanics and the way in which it was founded through concepts and axioms that characterize it, as well as an explanation of basic phenomena that could not be interpreted by classical physics. With the help of particle dualism and Dirac mathematical symbolism, we arrive at the physical interpretation of the wave function. With an extensive analysis of the basic quantum operators, we arrive at various ways of solving the Schrodinger equation. The second part begins with classic automation systems and analysis of the basic classic portals through their simulation by two modern software, Simulink and logo soft comfort. The third part presents the quantum bit and the basic quantum gates and registers, as well as superposition states by analyzing various mathematical concepts such as Hilbert geometry, tensile product and internal product. The predominance of quantum computers is initially demonstrated by reference to a quantum game. The fourth part presents neural networks and computational intelligence. With the help of transfer functions we first explain the operation of the classical logic gates and later the quantum gates. The following is the construction of neural networks and the explanation of their operation with the help of commands of the modern Matlab software. In the fifth and last part of the work we simulate quantum circuits of 2 or 3 qubits with the help of 2 modern quantum simulators, Quirk Simulator and Qcs Karafyllidis as well as an online quantum computer Ibm q experience.