Sub-micron-period magnetic lattices for ultracold atoms

Yibo Wang

Published Jan 1, 2017• 0 citations

Abstract

Ultracold atoms have been successfully trapped in an array of magnetic micro-traps with a period of 700 nm based on patterned permanent magnetic film. The created atomic lattice system is analogous to a crystal lattice in a solid material. The study of this well-controlled atomic lattice system in lab helps us to understand the behaviour of more complicated solid materials. This may contribute to the creation of new types of materials in the future.

DOI: 10.25916/sut.26278996

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Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.25916/sut.26278996

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\mu

m-period one-dimensional magnetic lattice; the fabrication of sub-micron-period square and triangular magnetic lattice structures suitable for quantum tunnelling experiments; the trapping of ultracold atoms in a sub-micron-period triangular magnetic lattice; and a proposal to use long-range interacting Rydberg atoms to achieve spin-spin interactions between sites in a large-spacing magnetic lattice.

Tb_6

Gd_10

Fe_{80}

Co_4

. In details, we investigate single layer and two crossed layers of sawtooth magnetic patterns with thicknesses of 50 and 500nm respectively with a periodicity of 1

μ

m. Trap depth and frequencies can be changed via an applied bias field to handle tunneling rates between lattice sites. We present analytical expressions and using numerical calculations show that this lattice has non-zero potential minima to avoid majorana spin flips. One advantage of this lattice over previous ones is that it is easier to manufacture.

We report the trapping of ultracold

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

atoms in a 0.7-$\ensuremath{\mu}\text{m}$-period two-dimensional triangular magnetic lattice on an atom chip. The magnetic lattice is created by a lithographically patterned magnetic Co/Pd multilayer film plus bias fields. Rubidium atoms in the $|F=1,{m}_{F}=\ensuremath{-}1\ensuremath{\rangle}$ low-field seeking state are trapped at estimated distances down to about

100\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

from the chip surface and with calculated mean trapping frequencies up to about

800\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}

. The measured lifetimes of the atoms trapped in the magnetic lattice are in the range 0.4--

1.7\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ms}

, depending on distance from the chip surface. Model calculations suggest the trap lifetimes are currently limited mainly by losses due to one-dimensional thermal evaporation following loading of the atoms from the

Z

-wire trap into the very tight magnetic lattice traps, rather than by fundamental loss processes such as surface interactions, three-body recombination, or spin flips due to Johnson magnetic noise. The trapping of atoms in a $0.7\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$-period magnetic lattice represents a significant step toward using magnetic lattices for quantum tunneling experiments and to simulate condensed matter and many-body phenomena in nontrivial lattice geometries.