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Engineering Research Express

Chirping removes recoil effect on fluorescence signal of optical pumping by synchronous frequency modulation

Samaneh Birzhandi

Published Sep 1, 2021• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Recoil effect is one of the limiting factors of signal amplitude in many spectroscopic applications due to creating light shift or AC Stark effect. Doppler shift of the Recoil velocity of the pumped atoms reduces their absorption efficiency. Synchronous Frequency Modulation or chirping of the pump laser enhances optical pumping and amplitude of the fluorescence signal. Results of this paper demonstrate significant enhancement of the fluorescence signal and the symmetry of the signal.

DOI
10.1088/2631-8695/ac23b0

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Abstract Recoil effect is one of the limiting factors of signal amplitude in many spectroscopic applications due to creating light shift or AC Stark effect. Doppler shift of the Recoil velocity of the pumped atoms reduces their absorption efficiency. Synchronous Frequency Modulation or chirping of the pump laser enhances optical pumping and amplitude of the fluorescence signal. Results of this paper demonstrate significant enhancement of the fluorescence signal and the symmetry of the signal.
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One impediment to achieving the promise of enhanced laser-pumped gas cell clock performance resides with the light-shift effect, a phenomenon whereby diode laser optical frequency fluctuations are mapped onto the atomic clock's output frequency. The alternative to tightly stabilizing the diode laser in order to overcome this problem is to develop means of reducing the actual magnitude of the light-shift. Here, we briefly review two strategies for accomplishing this, and introduce a new one based on optical pumping with laser-induced-fluorescence (LIF). The advantage of LIF optical pumping is that the clock's output frequency is insensitive to laser frequency fluctuations. Though LIF optical pumping creates a dependence of clock frequency on laser intensity variations, it is to be noted that diode lasers have very low intensity noise. Consequently, with regards to the light-shift effect the LIF strategy takes advantage of an inherent diode laser strength.
One impediment to achieving the promise of enhanced laser-pumped gas cell clock performance resides with the light-shift effect, a phenomenon whereby diode laser optical frequency fluctuations are mapped onto the atomic clock‘s output frequency. The alternative to tightly stabilizing the diode laser in order to overcome this problem is to develop means of reducing the actual magnitude of the light-shift. Here, we briefly review two strategies for accomplishing this, and introduce a new one based on optical pumping with laser-induced-fluorescence (LIF). The advantage of LIF optical pumping is that the clock‘s output frequency is insensitive to laser frequency fluctuations. Though LIF optical pumping creates a dependence of clock frequency on laser intensity variations, it is to be noted that diode lasers have very low intensity noise. Consequently, with regards to the light-shift effect the LIF strategy takes advantage of an inherent diode laser strength.
In the experimental system of the small cesium beam frequency standard with sharp angle incident laser light pumping and sharp angle incident laser light probing,the light frequency shift (mainly caused by AC Stark effect) caused by fluorescence from pumping region was calculated theoretically.The results show,the light frequency shift can be effectively reduced in the sharp angle laser light pumping scheme.In additon,a new method to measure the light frequency shift by changing the diffusing angle of the pumping laser light beam was presented in this paper.
We investigate a novel method to suppress the light-shift effect in laser-pumped passive rubidium frequency standards. The reduction of the light-shift due to additional frequency components in the pumping light is studied theoretically and compared to experimental results obtained with a frequency-modulated DBR laser diode as a pumping light source. In this way, a reduction of the light shift by a factor of 55 was successfully demonstrated. Complete cancellation of the light shift can be reached with a suitably adjusted modulation index and frequency.