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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Commissioning of a Highly Customized 1010 nm, ns-Pulsed, Yb-Doped Fiber Amplifier for On-Demand Single-Photon Generation

Max Mäusezahl, Florian Christaller, Oliver de Vries, Marco Plötner, Hao Zhang, Annika Belz, Benjamin Heinrich, Till Walbaum, Thomas Schreiber, Andreas Tünnermann, Harald Kübler, Robert Löw, Tilman Pfau

Published Jan 1, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Parametric single-photon generation is a key technology for quantum-optical applications. Here we report on the development and commissioning of a highly specialized 1010 nm fiber amplifier for such a novel parametric single-photon source.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_si.2021.sth2q.6

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•Jan 1, 2023•1 citation
The development of highly customized technical devices is a decisive feature of technically complex setups, as frequently observed in quantum experiments. This paper describes the development and realization of an Yb-doped all-fiber amplifier system designed for such a special application, more specifically, an on-demand single-photon source based on four-wave mixing with rubidium Rydberg atoms. The laser is capable of generating bandwidth-limited configurable nanosecond pulses up to peak powers of >100 W and with pulse repetition frequencies (PRF) between 50 Hz and 1 MHz at selectable wavelengths (1008-1024 nm). Especially the amplification of the 1010 nm reference seed at the lower edge of the amplification range for Yb-based fibers is challenging and tends to produce amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at higher wavelengths. To achieve high ASE suppression, particularly at low pulse repetition frequencies, two acousto-optical modulators (AOM) are utilized both for pulse picking and for temporal filtering. The synchronization between pulse repetition frequency and AOM driver signal allows pulse amplitude fluctuations to be kept below 1%, while ASE is suppressed by at least 85 dB (PRF = 1 MHz) and 65 dB (PRF = 1 kHz).
On-demand single photon sources with a high purity and indistinguishability are the key component for many quantum applications such as quantum cryptography, quantum computation and quantum metrology [1]. Quantum dots, which are usually pumped with picosecond titanium sapphire (Ti:Sa) lasers, have recently proven to be an excellent source for these single photons [2]. However, the use of Ti:Sa lasers requires an in-depth expertise of laser alignment, bulky cooling devices and a stabilized optical table, restraining the application of the generated single photons.
Quantum-enhanced optical systems operating within the 2- to 2.5-μm spectral region have the potential to revolutionize emerging applications in communications, sensing, and metrology. However, to date, sources of entangled photons have been realized mainly in the near-infrared 700- to 1550-nm spectral window. Here, using custom-designed lithium niobate crystals for spontaneous parametric down-conversion and tailored superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, we demonstrate two-photon interference and polarization-entangled photon pairs at 2090 nm. These results open the 2- to 2.5-μm mid-infrared window for the development of optical quantum technologies such as quantum key distribution in next-generation mid-infrared fiber communication systems and future Earth-to-satellite communications.