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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

High-Brightness Narrowband Tunable Fiber Laser for Quantum Dot Excitation

Niklas M. Lüpken, Maximilian Brinkmann, Sven Dobner, Tim Hellwig

Published Jun 26, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

On-demand single photon sources with a high purity and indistinguishability are the key component for many quantum applications such as quantum cryptography, quantum computation and quantum metrology [1]. Quantum dots, which are usually pumped with picosecond titanium sapphire (Ti:Sa) lasers, have recently proven to be an excellent source for these single photons [2]. However, the use of Ti:Sa lasers requires an in-depth expertise of laser alignment, bulky cooling devices and a stabilized optical table, restraining the application of the generated single photons.

DOI
10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec57999.2023.10232432

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On-demand single photon sources with a high purity and indistinguishability are the key component for many quantum applications such as quantum cryptography, quantum computation and quantum metrology [1]. Quantum dots, which are usually pumped with picosecond titanium sapphire (Ti:Sa) lasers, have recently proven to be an excellent source for these single photons [2]. However, the use of Ti:Sa lasers requires an in-depth expertise of laser alignment, bulky cooling devices and a stabilized optical table, restraining the application of the generated single photons.
A single photon source is an enabling technology in device-independent quantum communication, quantum simulation, linear optics-based and measurement-based quantum computing. These applications employ many photons and place stringent requirements on the efficiency of single photon creation. The scaling on efficiency is typically an exponential function of the number of photons. Schemes taking full advantage of quantum superposition also depend sensitively on the coherence of the photons, i.e. their indistinguishability. \nThis thesis reports a single-photon source with a high end-to-end efficiency. We employ gated quantum dots in an open, tunable microcavity. The gating provides control of the charge and electrical tuning of the emission frequency, the high-quality material and careful design of the system ensures low noise, and the tunability of the microcavity compensates for the lack of control in quantum dot position and emission frequency. Transmission through the top mirror is the dominant escape route for photons from the microcavity, and this output is well-matched to a single-mode fiber. With this design, we can create a single photon at the output of the final optical fiber on-demand with a probability of 57% and with an average two-photon interference visibility of 97.5%. Coherence persists in trains of thousands of photons with single photon creation at a repetition rate of 1 GHz.
An ordered stream of single photons is fundamentally different from conventional light, which features bunches of random numbers of photons. Single-photon sources are essential for emerging technologies in e.g.e.g.e.g. quantum cryptography and computing, but widespread use of bright quantum-dot sources has been thwarted by the need for complex optical setups. Thus the authors present a $f\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}b\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}r-i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}n\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}g\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}r\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}a\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}d$ source of high-quality single photons. This marriage with conventional optical-fiber technology will not only promote broad use in quantum photonics, but also may enable fundamental studies in fields from microscopy to quantum metrology, by significantly simplifying experiments.