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Physical Review A

Perfect higher-order squeezing via strong nonlinearity in microwave-modified electromagnetically induced transparency

Jun Xu, Fei Wang

Published Jul 8, 2021• 19 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show that it is possible to obtain perfect higher-order squeezing via strong nonlinearities in the microwave-modified electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In a typical $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ three-level system coupled to a control field and a microwave field, the strong nonlinearity is existent under the full-resonant conditions and can be effectively controlled by the relative intensity of the optical and microwave fields. Via dressed-state and Bogoliubov mode transformation, we explore that the internal nonlinearity is closely related to the squeezing parameter and dissipative rate for two cavity modes. As a result, it is found that the two-mode higher-order squeezing is nearly close to $100%$ under ideal conditions, which is verified by our numerical and analytical results. In addition, we reveal that the higher-order squeezing in the present scheme is robust against the dephasing rate between two lower levels. This may find potential applications in high-precision measurement and provide a convenient way for experimental implementation.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.104.013706

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We show that it is possible to obtain perfect higher-order squeezing via strong nonlinearities in the microwave-modified electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In a typical \ensuremathΛ\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\ensuremathΛ three-level system coupled to a control field and a microwave field, the strong nonlinearity is existent under the full-resonant conditions and can be effectively controlled by the relative intensity of the optical and microwave fields. Via dressed-state and Bogoliubov mode transformation, we explore that the internal nonlinearity is closely related to the squeezing parameter and dissipative rate for two cavity modes. As a result, it is found that the two-mode higher-order squeezing is nearly close to 100100%100 under ideal conditions, which is verified by our numerical and analytical results. In addition, we reveal that the higher-order squeezing in the present scheme is robust against the dephasing rate between two lower levels. This may find potential applications in high-precision measurement and provide a convenient way for experimental implementation.
We propose a scheme to generate and control atomic spin squeezing via atomic coherence induced by the strong coupling and probe fields in the \ensuremath{\Lambda}-type electromagnetically-induced-transparency configuration in an atomic ensemble. Manipulation of squeezing of the two components in the plane orthogonal to the mean atomic spin direction and generation of nearly perfect squeezing in either component can be achieved by varying the relative intensities of the coupling and probe fields. This method provides a flexible and convenient way to create and control atomic spin squeezing, which may find potential applications in high-precision atomic-physics measurement, quantum coherent control, and quantum information processing.
Quantum entanglement is an essential ingredient for the absolute security of quantum communication. Generation of continuous-variable entanglement or two-mode squeezing between light fields based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has been systematically investigated in this work. Here, we propose a new scheme to enhance the degree of entanglement between probe and coupling fields of coherent-state light by introducing a two-photon detuning in the EIT system. This proposed scheme is more efficient than the conventional one, utilizing the ground-state relaxation (population decay or dephasing) rate to produce entanglement or two-mode squeezing which adds far more excess fluctuation or noise to the system. In addition, maximum degree of entanglement at a given optical depth can be achieved with a wide range of the coupling Rabi frequency and the two-photon detuning, showing our scheme is robust and flexible. It is also interesting to note that while EIT is the effect in the perturbation limit, i.e. the probe field being much weaker than the coupling field and treated as a perturbation, there exists an optimum ratio of the probe to coupling intensities to achieve the maximum entanglement. Our proposed scheme can advance the continuous-variable-based quantum technology and may lead to applications in quantum communication utilizing squeezed light.
In this paper, we explore the squeezing effect generated by two coupled optical cavities. Each cavity contains a second-order nonlinear material and coherently pumped by a laser. Our results show that light intensity is strongly improved due to the presence of the nonlinearities and mainly depends on the detunings between external laser frequencies and cavity modes. More interestingly, the proposed scheme could enhance light squeezing for moderate coupling between cavities : the squeezing generated by one cavity is enhanced by the other one. For resonant interaction, highest squeezing effect is obtained near resonance. When fields are non resonant, squeezing increases near resonance of the considered cavity, but decreases for large detunings relative to the second cavity. Further, when the dissipation rate of the second cavity is smaller than the first, the squeezing could be improved, attaining nearly the perfect squeezing. While the temperature elevation has a negative impact overall on the nonclassical light, squeezing shows an appreciable resistance against thermal baths for appropriate parameter sets.
We show that Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) light entanglement is obtainable via the resonant nonlinear interactions enhanced by electromagnetically induced transparency. A three-level system is used as a unified model, where two metastable states are coupled to each other via microwave, or Raman, or two-photon transition, and the upper metastable state is coupled to the excited state. A pair of inner sidebands is amplified as optical cavity modes via the transition from the excited state to the other metastable state. The analysis is presented by using the dressed-atom squeezed-transformed-mode approach. For a proper ratio of the amplitudes of the applied fields, the sum of the variances for two EPR-like operators approaches zero, which corresponds to EPR entanglement.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has usually been demonstrated by using three-level atomic systems. In this paper, we theoretically proposed an efficient method to realize EIT in microwave regime through a coupled system consisting of a flux qubit and a superconducting LC resonator with relatively high quality factor. In the present composed system, the working levels are the dressed states of a two-level flux qubit and the resonators with a probe pump field. There exits a second order coherent transfer between the dressed states. By comparing the results with those in the conventional atomic system we have revealed the physical origin of the EIT phenomenon in this composed system. Since the whole system is artificial and tunable, our scheme may have potential applications in various domains.
Coherently manipulating quadrature squeezing is highly desired for precision measurement applications, but remains challenging due to an inaccessible standard quantum limit in most micro- and nanostructures. Here, we propose an efficient scheme to generate quadrature squeezing in a cavity optomagnonical system. Taking the magnon–photon interaction induced by the Faraday effect into consideration, we report that a strong quadrature squeezing can be achieved in the effective resonant cavity modes that obey the mode-splitting theory of Bogoliubov transformation. Using experimentally achievable parameters, we illustrate that increasing the magnon–photon coupling strength or input field intensity contributes to improving both the output spectral intensity and the amount of squeezing of the spectra, where perfect squeezing is only located at the position of the single resonant cavity mode. Interestingly enough, the nearly perfect quadrature squeezing at the double frequencies of the effective resonant cavity modes can be achieved by adjusting the input field frequency and intensity.