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Results in Physics

Microwave-mediated magnon–atom interactions: Two-mode higher-order squeezing of two YIG spheres

Jun Xu, Fei Wang, D. J. Kong, Xiangming Hu

Published Aug 2, 2023• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose an efficient scheme to realize almost perfect higher-order squeez-ing of two YIG spheres via microwave-mediated magnon-atom interactions. Itis assumed that two microwave cavity modes are coupled to two YIG spheresby the magnetic dipole interaction and a superconducting artificial atom bythe electric dipole interaction, respectively. When the microwave cavity fieldsare tuned to be far detuned from the dressed atomic Rabi sidebands and themagnon frequencies, the coherent coupling between two magnons and the arti-ficial atom can be established via virtual photon exchange. We find that a pairof Bogoliubov modes composed of two magnon modes are cooled to the vacuumstate through the atomic engineered dissipation, resulting in an ideal two-modehigher-order squeezing state of the YIG spheres. The solid-state device mayfind realistic applications in high-precision measurement and quantum sensingtechnology.

DOI
10.1016/j.rinp.2023.106818

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We propose an efficient scheme to realize almost perfect higher-order squeez-ing of two YIG spheres via microwave-mediated magnon-atom interactions. Itis assumed that two microwave cavity modes are coupled to two YIG spheresby the magnetic dipole interaction and a superconducting artificial atom bythe electric dipole interaction, respectively. When the microwave cavity fieldsare tuned to be far detuned from the dressed atomic Rabi sidebands and themagnon frequencies, the coherent coupling between two magnons and the arti-ficial atom can be established via virtual photon exchange. We find that a pairof Bogoliubov modes composed of two magnon modes are cooled to the vacuumstate through the atomic engineered dissipation, resulting in an ideal two-modehigher-order squeezing state of the YIG spheres. The solid-state device mayfind realistic applications in high-precision measurement and quantum sensingtechnology.
We propose a scheme for preparing magnon squeezed states in a hybrid cavity-magnon-qubit system. The system consists of a microwave cavity that simultaneously couples to a magnon mode of a macroscopic yttrium-iron-garnet sphere via the magnetic-dipole interaction and to a transmon-type superconducting qubit via the electric-dipole interaction. By far detuning from the magnon-qubit system, the microwave cavity is adiabatically eliminated. The magnon mode and the qubit then get effectively coupled via the mediation of virtual photons of the microwave cavity. We show that by driving the qubit with two microwave fields and by appropriately choosing the drive frequencies and strengths, magnonic parametric amplification can be realized, which leads to magnon quadrature squeezing with the noise below vacuum fluctuation. We provide optimal conditions for achieving magnon squeezing, and moderate squeezing can be obtained using currently available parameters. The generated squeezed states are of a magnon mode involving more than 1018{10}^{18}1018 spins and thus macroscopic quantum states. This work may find promising applications in quantum information processing and high-precision measurements based on magnons and in the study of macroscopic quantum states.
The implementation of quantum network made up of multiple nodes and channels needs to take advantage of hybrid quantum systems. So far, in the hybrid ferromagnet-superconductor quantum system, the establishment of the remote effective interactions based on the virtual photons exchange mediated by the microwave cavity mode has been experimentally confirmed, providing a physical basis for the implementation of the remote signal transfer from one node to another. In this work, we put forward a magnon-based hybrid quantum system consisting of two macroscopic spin subsystems [i.e., millimeter-diameter ferromagnetic yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) spheres] and one transmon-type superconducting qubit, and show that the mechanism of the cavity-mediated remote magnon-mode intertalk is feasible for achieving microwave signal transfer, simultaneously accompanied by a transition from Poissonian to sub-Poissonian statistics. We find that by tuning the typical system parameters properly, even if there is a mismatch in magnon-mode frequencies or dissipation rates between the two YIG spheres, the microwave information transfer from one YIG sphere to another is still robust, where the signal output through another YIG sphere exhibits pronounced antibunching. In addition, the proposed hybrid quantum system possesses a robustness window against the dissipation rates of both the qubit and the two Kittel modes. The analytical calculations and numerical simulations are conducted under experimentally accessible conditions, and the consistency of the results attained by these two methods makes our research more credible. Physically, we notice that two conversion channels are opened. One channel comes from the linear coupling. The other is based on the nonlinear interaction, which also is the underlying mechanism responsible for nonclassical sub-Poissonian signal output.
The cavity-mediated coupling between magnons in an yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) sphere and a superconducting qubit has recently been demonstrated as a new platform for preparing macroscopic quantum states. Here, based on this system, we propose to entangle two magnon modes in two YIG spheres by driving the qubit with a two-tone field and by appropriately choosing the frequencies and strengths of the two driving fields. We show that strong entanglement can be achieved with fully feasible parameters. We further provide a detection scheme for experimentally verifying the entanglement. Our results indicate that macroscopic entanglement between two magnon modes in two millimeter-sized YIG spheres, involving more than 101810^{18}1018 spins, can be realized using currently available parameters, which finds promising applications in fundamental studies, such as macroscopic quantum mechanics and the test of unconventional decoherence theories.
In general, a magnon does not interact directly with an atom. Here we present a scheme to generate coherent coupling between two magnons and a superconducting artificial atom via exchange of virtual photons in dispersive cavities. By probing into the induced magnon-atom interactions, we identify the two-magnon process, which causes almost perfect two-mode squeezing and entanglement of the two magnons for specific conditions. The quantum entanglement of the magnon modes in two massive ferrimagnets survives at the steady state and represents genuinely macroscopic quantum state. Our work offers an interesting alternative in designing experiments for generating the coherent coupling between the magnons and the atom. It finds broad applications in the investigation of macroscopic quantum effects and the preparation of quantum devices.
We propose a scheme to generate entanglement between magnon and superconducting qubit. The macroscopic yttrium–iron–garnet sphere and superconducting qubit are installed in two spatially separated cavities, which are directly driven by a two-mode squeezed-vacuum microwave field. The magnon and cavity 1 are coupled via magnetic dipole interaction and the superconducting qubit and cavity 2 are coupled via electric dipole interaction. We theoretically demonstrate that the magnon–qubit steady-state entanglement can be created by transferring quantum correlations of the two-mode squeezed-vacuum driving field via cavity–magnon and cavity–qubit beam-splitter interactions. The transfer is highly efficient, and the entanglement is robust against temperature in the optimal parameter regimes. We also deduce a new, to the best of our knowledge, mathematical method to analyze the dynamics of the magnon–qubit entanglement and some significant results are obtained. Our scheme can be implemented with experimentally feasible parameters and may provide guidance in designing hybrid quantum networks.
We show that the hybrid magnon-photon bundle emission is possible to generate by employing a three-level Δ -type superconducting artificial atom. The single atom is dispersively coupled with two microwave cavities, one of which simultaneously couples to a yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere via the magnetic dipole interaction. Based on the virtual photon exchange, the indirect magnon-atom interaction is established with flexibly tunable coupling strength, thus leading to the consecutive emission of hybrid magnon-photon pairs. The super-Rabi oscillation and Purcell effect make such a hybrid bundle possible in the present three-level system, which is difficult to achieve in the two-level system. The present scheme may find potential applications in quantum information processing and quantum sensing technology. Published by the American Physical Society 2024