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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Fast, simple, all-optical production of sodium spinor condensates

Wenliang Liu, Ningxuan Zheng, Xiaofeng Wang, Jing Xu, Yuqing Li, V. B. Sovkov, Peng Li, Yongming Fu, Jizhou Wu, Jie Ma, Liantuan Xiao, Suotang Jia

Published May 20, 2021• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We present an experiment for quickly producing Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) of 23 Na atoms in a simple crossed dipole trap. The atoms were collected in a magneto-optical trap from a zero-crossing Zeeman slower. The atoms are then transferred to a tightly focused crossed optical dipole trap, and a pure F = 1 BEC of ∼1.1 × 10 5 sodium atoms was created by a fast forced evaporation. Our system reliably generates the condensate at a rate exceeding 10 5 atoms every ∼8 s. We also compare the lifetimes of the mixed F = 1 condensate and the spin components ( m F = 0, m F = +1).

DOI
10.1088/1361-6455/ac0393

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We demonstrate an all-optical technique to evaporatively produce sodium Bose–Einstein condensates (BEC). We use a crossed-dipole trap formed from light near 1 μm, and a simple ramp of the intensity to force evaporation. In addition, we introduce photoassociation as diagnostic of the trap loading process, and show that it can be used to detect the onset of BEC. Finally, we demonstrate the straightforward production of multiple traps with condensates using this technique, and that some control over the spinor state of the BEC is achieved by positioning the trap as well.
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We report on the production of Bose–Einstein condensates of sodium atoms in the hyperfine state | F = 2 , m F = 2 ⟩ in a crossed optical dipole trap using D 2 gray molasses. We use the gray molasses sub-Doppler cooling technique to obtain an atomic sample of 3 × 10 8 at 56 µK. After the radio frequency (RF) evaporation cooling in an optically plugged magnetic trap, we transfer the atoms sample of 2.5 × 10 6 at 5.7 µK to a crossed optical dipole trap where a pure condensate with an atom number of 2 × 10 5 and lifetime of 6.3 s is obtained by further evaporation. We compare the cooling process of sodium atoms in the | 2 , 2 ⟩ and the | 1 , 1 ⟩ states by evaporation in the optical trap, and also observe the different three-body loss rates by the lifetime measurement.
We report on the production of large sodium Bose–Einstein condensates in a hybrid of magnetic quadrupole and optical dipole trap. With an optimized spin-flip Zeeman slower, 2 × 10 10 sodium atoms are captured in the magneto-optical trap (MOT). A long distance magnetic transfer setup moves the cold atom over 46 cm from the MOT chamber to the UHV science chamber, which provides great optical access and long conservative trap lifetime. After evaporative cooling in the hybrid trap, we produce nearly pure condensates of 1 × 10 7 atoms with lifetime of 80 s in the optical dipole trap.
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