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Chinese Physics Letters

High-Performance Sodium Bose–Einstein Condensate Apparatus with a Hybrid Trap and Long-Distance Magnetic Transfer

Feng Zhang, Yun Long, Jiang-Ling Yang, Guoqiang Ma, Jiaqi Yin, Ruquan Wang

Published Dec 1, 2015• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report on the production of large sodium Bose–Einstein condensates in a hybrid of magnetic quadrupole and optical dipole trap. With an optimized spin-flip Zeeman slower, 2 × 10 10 sodium atoms are captured in the magneto-optical trap (MOT). A long distance magnetic transfer setup moves the cold atom over 46 cm from the MOT chamber to the UHV science chamber, which provides great optical access and long conservative trap lifetime. After evaporative cooling in the hybrid trap, we produce nearly pure condensates of 1 × 10 7 atoms with lifetime of 80 s in the optical dipole trap.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/32/12/123701

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We present a compact experimental apparatus for Bose-Einstein condensation of (87)Rb in the |F = 2, mF = + 2〉 state. A pre-cooled atomic beam of (87)Rb is obtained by using an unbalanced magneto-optical trap, allowing controlled transfer of trapped atoms from the first vacuum chamber to the science chamber. Here, atoms are transferred to a hybrid trap, as produced by overlapping a magnetic quadrupole trap with a far-detuned optical trap with crossed beam configuration, where forced radiofrequency evaporation is realized. The final evaporation leading to Bose-Einstein condensation is then performed by exponentially lowering the optical trap depth. Control and stabilization systems of the optical trap beams are discussed in detail. The setup reliably produces a pure condensate in the |F = 2, mF = + 2〉 state in 50 s, which includes 33 s loading of the science magneto-optical trap and 17 s forced evaporation.
We report on the production of a rubidium Bose-Einstein condensate in a simplified vacuum apparatus. Magneto-optical traps with large numbers and ultra-high vacuum for moderately long conservative trap lifetimes of 16 seconds are sequentially obtained with light induced rapid atomic vapor pressure modulation. Subsequent evaporative cooling is carried out in two stages in a hybrid magnetic quadrupole plus optical dipole trap. High evaporation efficiencies are observed in both stages and 87^{87}87Rb BECs with more than 105^55 atoms can be reliably produced with total evaporation time of only 9.5 seconds.
Abstract We present an experiment for quickly producing Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) of 23 Na atoms in a simple crossed dipole trap. The atoms were collected in a magneto-optical trap from a zero-crossing Zeeman slower. The atoms are then transferred to a tightly focused crossed optical dipole trap, and a pure F = 1 BEC of ∼1.1 × 10 5 sodium atoms was created by a fast forced evaporation. Our system reliably generates the condensate at a rate exceeding 10 5 atoms every ∼8 s. We also compare the lifetimes of the mixed F = 1 condensate and the spin components ( m F = 0, m F = +1).
We present a compact experimental apparatus for Bose-Einstein condensation of 87Rb in the |F = 2, mF = + 2〉 state. A pre-cooled atomic beam of 87Rb is obtained by using an unbalanced magneto-optical trap, allowing controlled transfer of trapped atoms from the first vacuum chamber to the science chamber. Here, atoms are transferred to a hybrid trap, as produced by overlapping a magnetic quadrupole trap with a far-detuned optical trap with crossed beam configuration, where forced radiofrequency evaporation is realized. The final evaporation leading to Bose-Einstein condensation is then performed by exponentially lowering the optical trap depth. Control and stabilization systems of the optical trap beams are discussed in detail. The setup reliably produces a pure condensate in the |F = 2, mF = + 2〉 state in 50 s, which includes 33 s loading of the science magneto-optical trap and 17 s forced evaporation.
We report the transport of magnetically trapped cold atoms over a large distance. Atoms are captured in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) and loaded into a magnetic quadrupole trap. The quadrupole potential is then moved over a distance of 33 cm into an ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) chamber using a chain of quadrupole coils. By running suitable currents through the quadrupole coil pairs the trapping geometry of the potential is maintained during the transport process, thus minimizing heating of the trapped atom cloud. Magnetically trapped 87Rb{}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms at an initial temperature of $T=125 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{K}$ were heated by less than $20 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{K}$ during the transport process, and up to 109{10}^{9}109 atoms were transferred into the UHV chamber. Due to the spatial separation of the final magnetic trap and the MOT we have been able to capture atoms in the MOT, while storing magnetically trapped atoms in the UHV chamber.