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Quantum Information and Computation

Designing an ion trap for quantum simulation

M. BulutaI., HasegawaS.

Published May 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Planar Coulomb crystals have been recently proposed for the implementation of quantumsimulation and computation. In order to put this idea into practice we designed aspecialized RF ion trap system....
DOI
10.5555/2011791.2011792

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Designing an ion trap for quantum simulation

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Planar Coulomb crystals have been recently proposed for the implementation of quantum simulation and computation. In order to put this idea into practice we designed a specialized RF ion trap system. The design is based on extensive numerical simulations of planar Coulomb crystals in RF traps and the estimation of the error in quantum simulation and computation. Our trap would have reduced heating rates and large axial confinement frequencies would be available. Moreover, it provides very good optical access and it is easy to construct and operate.
Quantum simulations of spin systems could enable the solution of problems that otherwise require infeasible classical resources. Such a simulation may be implemented using a well-controlled system of effective spins, such as a two-dimensional lattice of locally interacting ions. We propose here a layered planar rf trap design that can be used to create arbitrary two-dimensional lattices of ions. The design also leads naturally to ease of microfabrication. As a first experimental demonstration, we confine S88r+ ions in a millimeter-scale lattice trap and verify numerical models of the trap by measuring the motional frequencies. We also confine 440 nm diameter charged microspheres and observe ion-ion repulsion between ions in neighboring lattice sites. Our design, when scaled to smaller ion-ion distances, is appropriate for quantum simulation schemes, e.g., that of Porras and Cirac [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 207901 (2004)]. We note, however, that in practical realizations of the trap, an increase in the secular frequency with decreasing ion spacing may make a coupling rate that is large relative to the decoherence rate in such a trap difficult to achieve.
Linear strings of trapped atomic ions held in radio-frequency (rf) traps constitute one of the leading platforms for quantum simulation experiments, allowing the investigation of interacting quantum matter.However, linear ion strings have drawbacks, such as the difficulty of scaling beyond approximately 50 particles as well as the inability to naturally implement spin models with more than one spatial dimension.Here we present experiments with planar Coulomb crystals of up to 105 40 Ca + ions in a novel monolithic rf trap, laying the groundwork for quantum simulations of two-dimensional spin models with singleparticle control.We characterize the trapping potential by analysis of crystal images and compare the observed crystal configurations with numerical simulations.We further demonstrate stable confinement of large crystals, free of structural configuration changes, and find that rf heating of the crystal is not an obstacle for future quantum simulation experiments.Finally, we prepare the out-of-plane motional modes of planar crystals consisting of up to 105 ions close to their ground state by electromagnetically induced transparency cooling, an important prerequisite for implementing long-range entangling interactions.