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Finds and Results from the Swedish Cyprus Expedition: A Gender Perspective at the Medelhavsmuseet

Slow light with electromagnetically induced transparency in metamaterials

Philippe Tassin, Lei Zhang, Thomas Koschny, Eleftherios N. Economou, Costas M. Soukoulis

Published Jun 8, 2009• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Metamaterials, or artificial materials with optical properties not known for natural materials, have recently been used to demonstrate unusual optical phenomena, such as negative refraction, perfect lenses, subwavelength components, and electromagnetic invisibility cloaks. Most of the metamaterials designed to date are periodic structures containing a single resonating element in each unit cell, such as a split-ring resonator (SRR), a cutwire, or a slab-wire pair [1]. In this contribution, we demonstrate that a metamaterial with two coupled SRRs can exhibit an effect reminiscent of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), a coherent process normally observed in three-level atomic media [2]. Due to this process, a small transparency window with low absorption appears in the spectral response of the metamaterial. Simultaneously, extremely steep normal dispersion is observed in the transparency window, which is useful for slow-light applications.

Related papers

Slow light with electromagnetically induced transparency in metamaterials

Philippe Tassin, Lei Zhang, Thomas Koschny +2 more

This study demonstrates a metamaterial with two coupled split-ring resonators (SRR) can exhibit an effect reminiscent of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), a coherent process normally observed in three-level atomic media. The coupling between two SRR induces a frequency splitting in the spectral response of the metamaterial, opening up a narrow transmission band in the centre of the absorption line. The obtained reduction in group velocity together with the low absorption is useful for a variety of slow-light applications, without the need for the extreme cooling or the large magnetic fields that are typically required for EIT in atomic systems.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•Jun 1, 2009•0 citations

Optical-magnetism-induced transparency in a metamaterial

Ling Qin, Kun Zhang, Ru‐Wen Peng +4 more

In this paper, we theoretically demonstrate that electromagnetic transparency can be induced by optical magnetism in a metamaterial, which is composed of metamolecules. Each metamolecule consists of a metallic split-ring resonator, as one bright meta-atom (which is optically magnetic), and also a cut-wire pair, as one dark meta-atom (which is optically nonmagnetic). It is found that magnetic resonances occur at optical frequencies due to the local magnetic interaction between ``bright'' meta-atoms and ``dark'' meta-atoms; thereafter, a transparency window emerges upon the original absorption background. The phenomenon is similar to the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in atomic three-level systems, and a microscopic picture is given to compare it with the EIT. Furthermore, low loss and slow light in this metamaterial have also been verified. The investigations may achieve potential applications on integrated optical circuits.

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Planar designs for electromagnetically induced transparency in metamaterials

Philippe Tassin, Lei Zhang, Thomas Koschny +2 more

We present a planar design of a metamaterial exhibiting electromagnetically induced transparency that is amenable to experimental verification in the microwave frequency band. The design is based on the coupling of a split-ring resonator with a cut-wire in the same plane. We investigate the sensitivity of the parameters of the transmission window on the coupling strength and on the circuit elements of the individual resonators, and we interpret the results in terms of two linearly coupled Lorentzian resonators. Our metamaterial designs combine low losses with the extremely small group velocity associated with the resonant response in the transmission window, rendering them suitable for slow light applications at room temperature.

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Dual-band electromagnetically induced transparent metamaterial with slow light effect and energy storage

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Abstract The realization of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) on metamaterials has special properties, such as strong slow-light, frequency-selection and so on, which have allowed EIT to be widely used in the fields of slow-light, optical storages and filters. In this paper, a metamaterial with two pairs of split ring resonators and one cut-wire is designed to achieve dual-band EIT effect at 0.5–2.14 GHz and 0.4–2.10 GHz with independently tunable bandwidths of 1.64 GHz and 2.7 GHz, respectively. The coupled Lorentz model is adopted to principally study the coupling characteristics between dark and bright modes. It is shown that the coupling strength between the dark and bright modes could be modulated by the coupling distance, which make the dual-band transparent window could be independently modulated by only changing the coupling distance between the bright and dark mode. The group delay and energy storage are also simulated by setting the Gaussian pulse signal passing through the EIT structure. The results show that the group delay of the designed EIT structure is 16.9 times that of the same thickness of dielectric material. The manufactured metamaterial is tested in a microwave anechoic chamber. The experimental and theoretical results are well consistent. These results could be beneficial for the development of EIT research toward some up-and-coming novel slow-light, optical storage, sensor and optical filter applications.

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We theoretically investigate the classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) in a planar metamaterial at optical frequency, which originates from destructive and constructive interference between dark and radiative elements.The metamaterial consists of two coupled resonators with different geometries.An EIT-like transparent window with low absorption is observed and found to be strongly affected by resonant states of the resonators.The transition between the EIT and EIA is achieved by changing the split width and coupling distance.The absorption is enhanced up to 2.5 times compared with the dipolar case.The excitation of the dark mode is very important for EIT-and EIA-like responses of the proposed metamaterial.The EIT and EIA phenomena offer a potential method for manipulating electromagnetic response in metamaterial-based devices.

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Chengju Ma, Yuebin Zhang, Yao Zhang +6 more

We demonstrate and analyze the use of metamaterials featuring an analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in slow light technology. For most metamaterials, EIT-like effects suffer from intrinsic ohmic loss, and the metamaterial-based slow-light effect can only be tuned passively, which limits their application in slow light devices. We propose a hybrid metamaterial with a unit cell composed of a ring resonator formed from photoactive silicon (Si) and a rectangular bar formed from metallic silver (Ag). Based on an analogue of EIT in the designed hybrid metamaterial, we theoretically demonstrate an all-optical tunable slow-light effect in the telecommunication window. We successfully demonstrate the possibility of designing novel all-optical tunable chip-scale slow-light devices that could be used in optical buffering.

Nanoscale Advances•Jan 1, 2021•34 citations
Metamaterials, or artificial materials with optical properties not known for natural materials, have recently been used to demonstrate unusual optical phenomena, such as negative refraction, perfect lenses, subwavelength components, and electromagnetic invisibility cloaks. Most of the metamaterials designed to date are periodic structures containing a single resonating element in each unit cell, such as a split-ring resonator (SRR), a cutwire, or a slab-wire pair [1]. In this contribution, we demonstrate that a metamaterial with two coupled SRRs can exhibit an effect reminiscent of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), a coherent process normally observed in three-level atomic media [2]. Due to this process, a small transparency window with low absorption appears in the spectral response of the metamaterial. Simultaneously, extremely steep normal dispersion is observed in the transparency window, which is useful for slow-light applications.
This study demonstrates a metamaterial with two coupled split-ring resonators (SRR) can exhibit an effect reminiscent of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), a coherent process normally observed in three-level atomic media. The coupling between two SRR induces a frequency splitting in the spectral response of the metamaterial, opening up a narrow transmission band in the centre of the absorption line. The obtained reduction in group velocity together with the low absorption is useful for a variety of slow-light applications, without the need for the extreme cooling or the large magnetic fields that are typically required for EIT in atomic systems.
In this paper, we theoretically demonstrate that electromagnetic transparency can be induced by optical magnetism in a metamaterial, which is composed of metamolecules. Each metamolecule consists of a metallic split-ring resonator, as one bright meta-atom (which is optically magnetic), and also a cut-wire pair, as one dark meta-atom (which is optically nonmagnetic). It is found that magnetic resonances occur at optical frequencies due to the local magnetic interaction between ``bright'' meta-atoms and ``dark'' meta-atoms; thereafter, a transparency window emerges upon the original absorption background. The phenomenon is similar to the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in atomic three-level systems, and a microscopic picture is given to compare it with the EIT. Furthermore, low loss and slow light in this metamaterial have also been verified. The investigations may achieve potential applications on integrated optical circuits.
We present a planar design of a metamaterial exhibiting electromagnetically induced transparency that is amenable to experimental verification in the microwave frequency band. The design is based on the coupling of a split-ring resonator with a cut-wire in the same plane. We investigate the sensitivity of the parameters of the transmission window on the coupling strength and on the circuit elements of the individual resonators, and we interpret the results in terms of two linearly coupled Lorentzian resonators. Our metamaterial designs combine low losses with the extremely small group velocity associated with the resonant response in the transmission window, rendering them suitable for slow light applications at room temperature.
Abstract The realization of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) on metamaterials has special properties, such as strong slow-light, frequency-selection and so on, which have allowed EIT to be widely used in the fields of slow-light, optical storages and filters. In this paper, a metamaterial with two pairs of split ring resonators and one cut-wire is designed to achieve dual-band EIT effect at 0.5–2.14 GHz and 0.4–2.10 GHz with independently tunable bandwidths of 1.64 GHz and 2.7 GHz, respectively. The coupled Lorentz model is adopted to principally study the coupling characteristics between dark and bright modes. It is shown that the coupling strength between the dark and bright modes could be modulated by the coupling distance, which make the dual-band transparent window could be independently modulated by only changing the coupling distance between the bright and dark mode. The group delay and energy storage are also simulated by setting the Gaussian pulse signal passing through the EIT structure. The results show that the group delay of the designed EIT structure is 16.9 times that of the same thickness of dielectric material. The manufactured metamaterial is tested in a microwave anechoic chamber. The experimental and theoretical results are well consistent. These results could be beneficial for the development of EIT research toward some up-and-coming novel slow-light, optical storage, sensor and optical filter applications.
We theoretically investigate the classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) in a planar metamaterial at optical frequency, which originates from destructive and constructive interference between dark and radiative elements.The metamaterial consists of two coupled resonators with different geometries.An EIT-like transparent window with low absorption is observed and found to be strongly affected by resonant states of the resonators.The transition between the EIT and EIA is achieved by changing the split width and coupling distance.The absorption is enhanced up to 2.5 times compared with the dipolar case.The excitation of the dark mode is very important for EIT-and EIA-like responses of the proposed metamaterial.The EIT and EIA phenomena offer a potential method for manipulating electromagnetic response in metamaterial-based devices.
We demonstrate and analyze the use of metamaterials featuring an analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in slow light technology. For most metamaterials, EIT-like effects suffer from intrinsic ohmic loss, and the metamaterial-based slow-light effect can only be tuned passively, which limits their application in slow light devices. We propose a hybrid metamaterial with a unit cell composed of a ring resonator formed from photoactive silicon (Si) and a rectangular bar formed from metallic silver (Ag). Based on an analogue of EIT in the designed hybrid metamaterial, we theoretically demonstrate an all-optical tunable slow-light effect in the telecommunication window. We successfully demonstrate the possibility of designing novel all-optical tunable chip-scale slow-light devices that could be used in optical buffering.