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Journal of Physics Conference Series

A Data Reconciliation Model Based on Turbo for Satellite-Ground Quantum Key Distribution Network

Wenting Zhou, Jie Liu, Feng Bao, Ye Xiao, Tianbing Zhang, Yuxiang Bian

Published Jan 1, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract In the satellite-ground quantum key distribution network with power IoT, due to the imperfection of the quantum equipment and the noise in the channel, the raw key will have some bit error rate and cannot be used for secure communications. To solve this problem, we propose an improved data reconciliation model based on Turbo for satellite-ground quantum key distribution to extract the raw key, and then the key on both sides of communication are identical. We carry on the optimization and simulation to Turbo and increases its error correction efficiency by 15%. To test and verify the feasibility of the model, we implement satellite-ground quantum key distribution simulation experiments and respectively use the low-density parity check (LDPC), Cascade, and Turbo for data reconciliation. Experimental results show that Turbo can make the final key generation increased by 8% comparing with LDPC and Cascade.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/1757/1/012175

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Abstract In the satellite-ground quantum key distribution network with power IoT, due to the imperfection of the quantum equipment and the noise in the channel, the raw key will have some bit error rate and cannot be used for secure communications. To solve this problem, we propose an improved data reconciliation model based on Turbo for satellite-ground quantum key distribution to extract the raw key, and then the key on both sides of communication are identical. We carry on the optimization and simulation to Turbo and increases its error correction efficiency by 15%. To test and verify the feasibility of the model, we implement satellite-ground quantum key distribution simulation experiments and respectively use the low-density parity check (LDPC), Cascade, and Turbo for data reconciliation. Experimental results show that Turbo can make the final key generation increased by 8% comparing with LDPC and Cascade.
We report a 17-km free-space quantum key distribution (QKD) experiment using an engineering model of the space-bound optical transmitter and a ground station for satellite-ground QKD. The final key rate of ~ 0.5 kbps is achieved in this experiment with the quantum bit error rate (QBER) of ~ 3.4%. An efficient error correction algorithm, Turbo Code, is employed. Compared with the current error correction algorithm of Cascade, a high-efficiency error correction is realized by Turbo Code with only one-time data exchange. For a low QBER, with only one-time data exchange, the final key rates based on Turbo code are similar with Cascade. As the QBER increases, Turbo Code gives higher final key rates than Cascade. Our results experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of satellite-ground QKD and show that the efficient error correction based on Turbo Code is potentially useful for the satellite-ground quantum communication.
Quantum key distribution applies fundamental laws of quantum physics to guarantee secure communication.Few number of information exchanges is the key of satellite-based quantum key distribution.According to the characteristics and requirements of data reconciliation in satellite quantum key distribution,this paper presents a kind of new data reconciliation model of satellite-based quantum key distribution based on the Turbo codes.The coding and decoding models of Turbo codes are modified and designed,and this model solves the numbers of information exchanges.Simulation result shows that through a number of iterations,Turbo codes can complete the reconciliation of the key in different bit error rate.
In this paper, we propose how to construct a reconciliation method for the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol. Theoretically, it is unconditionally secure because it is based on the quantum laws of physics, rather than the assumed computational complexity of mathematical problems. BB84 protocol performances can be reduced by various errors and information leakages such as limited intrinsic efficiency of the protocol, imperfect devices and eavesdropping. The proposed reconciliation method allowed to weed out these errors by using Turbo codes. Since their high error correction capability implies getting low errors, this method has high performance especially when compared to the last method presented in the literature based on Low-Density Parity Check codes (LDPC). In particular, we demonstrate that our method leads to a significant improvement of the protocol security and of the Bit Error Rate (BER) even with great eavesdropping capability.
In this paper, we propose how to construct a reconciliation method for the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol. Theoretically, it is unconditionally secure because it is based on the quantum laws of physics, rather than the assumed computational complexity of mathematical problems. BB84 protocol performances can be reduced by various errors and information leakages such as limited intrinsic efficiency of the protocol, imperfect devices and eavesdropping. The proposed reconciliation method allowed to weed out these errors by using Turbo codes. Since their high error correction capability implies getting low errors, this method has high performance especially when compared to the last method presented in the literature based on Low- Density Parity Check codes (LDPC). In particular, we demonstrate that our method leads to a significant improvement of the protocol security and of the Bit Error Rate (BER) even with great eavesdropping capability.
Satellite-based free-space optics (FSO) quantum key distribution (QKD) systems have recently attracted significant research interest due to their potential to enable globally secured applications. However, the inherent uncertainty of FSO channels, caused by weather conditions and satellite mobility, induces severe fluctuations in quantum bit-error rate (QBER) between legitimate users. This makes designing an efficient key reconciliation, an essential step in the QKD post-processing, particularly challenging. In this work, we propose a key reconciliation scheme that combines protograph rate-compatible (RC) low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes with a syndrome-based error estimation method. The proposed error estimation method reduces the number of communication rounds without requiring additional information disclosure. Furthermore, to our best knowledge, an analytical framework is first developed to evaluate end-to-end secret-key throughput (SKT), accounting for the impact of imperfect error estimation and dynamic FSO channel conditions. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme consistently outperforms conventional blind reconciliation under diverse FSO channel conditions and provide practical guidelines for system parameter selection. Finally, we validate the proposed framework through a case study that incorporates data from a Starlink low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite and moving ground vehicles.
Post-processing is a significant step in quantum key distribution (QKD), which is used for correcting the quantum-channel noise errors and distilling identical corrected keys between two distant legitimate parties. Efficient error reconciliation protocol, which can lead to an increase in the secure key generation rate, is one of the main performance indicators of QKD setups. In this paper, we propose a multi-low-density parity-check codes based reconciliation scheme, which can provide remarkable perspectives for highly efficient information reconciliation. By testing our approach through data simulation, we show that the proposed scheme combining multi-syndrome-based error rate estimation allows for a more accurate estimation of the error rate as compared with random sampling and single-syndrome estimation techniques before the error correction, as well as a significant increase in the efficiency of the procedure without compromising security and sacrificing reconciliation efficiency.