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Data Reconciliation Method in Satellite Quantum Key Distribution

ZHONG Xianfeng,TANG Yu,JIN Biao,WU Teng,LI Fengzhi,LIU Weiyue

Published Apr 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum key distribution applies fundamental laws of quantum physics to guarantee secure communication.Few number of information exchanges is the key of satellite-based quantum key distribution.According to the characteristics and requirements of data reconciliation in satellite quantum key distribution,this paper presents a kind of new data reconciliation model of satellite-based quantum key distribution based on the Turbo codes.The coding and decoding models of Turbo codes are modified and designed,and this model solves the numbers of information exchanges.Simulation result shows that through a number of iterations,Turbo codes can complete the reconciliation of the key in different bit error rate.

DOI
10.3969/j.issn.1000-3428.2017.04.021

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Quantum key distribution applies fundamental laws of quantum physics to guarantee secure communication.Few number of information exchanges is the key of satellite-based quantum key distribution.According to the characteristics and requirements of data reconciliation in satellite quantum key distribution,this paper presents a kind of new data reconciliation model of satellite-based quantum key distribution based on the Turbo codes.The coding and decoding models of Turbo codes are modified and designed,and this model solves the numbers of information exchanges.Simulation result shows that through a number of iterations,Turbo codes can complete the reconciliation of the key in different bit error rate.
Abstract In the satellite-ground quantum key distribution network with power IoT, due to the imperfection of the quantum equipment and the noise in the channel, the raw key will have some bit error rate and cannot be used for secure communications. To solve this problem, we propose an improved data reconciliation model based on Turbo for satellite-ground quantum key distribution to extract the raw key, and then the key on both sides of communication are identical. We carry on the optimization and simulation to Turbo and increases its error correction efficiency by 15%. To test and verify the feasibility of the model, we implement satellite-ground quantum key distribution simulation experiments and respectively use the low-density parity check (LDPC), Cascade, and Turbo for data reconciliation. Experimental results show that Turbo can make the final key generation increased by 8% comparing with LDPC and Cascade.
We report a 17-km free-space quantum key distribution (QKD) experiment using an engineering model of the space-bound optical transmitter and a ground station for satellite-ground QKD. The final key rate of ~ 0.5 kbps is achieved in this experiment with the quantum bit error rate (QBER) of ~ 3.4%. An efficient error correction algorithm, Turbo Code, is employed. Compared with the current error correction algorithm of Cascade, a high-efficiency error correction is realized by Turbo Code with only one-time data exchange. For a low QBER, with only one-time data exchange, the final key rates based on Turbo code are similar with Cascade. As the QBER increases, Turbo Code gives higher final key rates than Cascade. Our results experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of satellite-ground QKD and show that the efficient error correction based on Turbo Code is potentially useful for the satellite-ground quantum communication.
In this paper, we propose how to construct a reconciliation method for the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol. Theoretically, it is unconditionally secure because it is based on the quantum laws of physics, rather than the assumed computational complexity of mathematical problems. BB84 protocol performances can be reduced by various errors and information leakages such as limited intrinsic efficiency of the protocol, imperfect devices and eavesdropping. The proposed reconciliation method allowed to weed out these errors by using Turbo codes. Since their high error correction capability implies getting low errors, this method has high performance especially when compared to the last method presented in the literature based on Low- Density Parity Check codes (LDPC). In particular, we demonstrate that our method leads to a significant improvement of the protocol security and of the Bit Error Rate (BER) even with great eavesdropping capability.
In this paper, we propose how to construct a reconciliation method for the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol. Theoretically, it is unconditionally secure because it is based on the quantum laws of physics, rather than the assumed computational complexity of mathematical problems. BB84 protocol performances can be reduced by various errors and information leakages such as limited intrinsic efficiency of the protocol, imperfect devices and eavesdropping. The proposed reconciliation method allowed to weed out these errors by using Turbo codes. Since their high error correction capability implies getting low errors, this method has high performance especially when compared to the last method presented in the literature based on Low-Density Parity Check codes (LDPC). In particular, we demonstrate that our method leads to a significant improvement of the protocol security and of the Bit Error Rate (BER) even with great eavesdropping capability.
Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cryptographic solution that leverages the properties of quantum mechanics to be resistant and secure even against an attacker with unlimited computational power. Satellite-based links are important in QKD because they can reach distances that the best fiber systems cannot. However, links between satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO) and ground stations have a duration of only a few minutes, resulting in the generation of a small amount of secure keys. In this context, we investigate the optimization of the information reconciliation step of the QKD post-processing in order to generate as much secure key as possible. As a first step, we build an accurate model of the downlink signal and quantum bit error rate (QBER) during a complete satellite pass, which are time-varying due to three effects: (i) the varying link geometry over time, (ii) the scintillation effect, and (iii) the different signal intensities adopted in the Decoy-State protocol. Leveraging the a-priori information on the instantaneous QBER, we improve the efficiency of information reconciliation (IR) (i.e., the error correction phase) in the Decoy-State BB84 protocol, resulting in a secure key that is almost 3\% longer for realistic scenarios.