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Optics Express

Fluctuation-enhanced Kerr nonlinearity in an atom-assisted optomechanical system with atom-cavity interactions

Yaoyong Dong, Xuejun Zheng, Denglong Wang, Jianwen Ding

Published Jan 18, 2021• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We examine the effect of cavity field fluctuations on Kerr nonlinearity in an atom-assisted optomechanical system. It is found that a new self-Kerr (SK) nonlinearity term, which can greatly surpass that of a classical Λ type atomic system when the hybrid system has numerous atoms, is generated based on cavity field fluctuations by atom-cavity interactions. A strong photon-phonon cross-Kerr (CK) nonlinearity is also produced based on cavity field fluctuations. These nonlinearity features can be modified by atom-cavity and optomechanical interactions. This work may provide a new method to enhance the SK nonlinearity and generate the photon-phonon CK nonlinearity.

DOI
10.1364/oe.414563

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Abstract We theoretically investigate the optomechanical interaction between an optical field and a mechanical mode mediated by a Kerr nonlinear medium inside an optical cavity and simultaneously driven by an external amplitude-modulated pump field and a probe field. We show that switching between bistability and multistability is influenced by the rocking parameter and Kerr nonlinearity. Further, we study the quantum fluctuation dynamics of the system, which shows the quantum coherence and interference effects resulting in the transmission of the probe field from opacity to amplification. We also find that the rocking parameter, Kerr nonlinearity, and the optomechanical coupling influence the transmission spectrum. In addition, we also show that the rocking parameter significantly enhances the optomechanical coupling, which can be a new handle to control the entanglement between the optical and mechanical modes. The results show that such a hybrid optomechanical system has potential application in designing and optimizing all-optical switching and optical sensors.
Phonon nonlinearities play an important role in hybrid quantum networks and on-chip quantum devices. We investigate the phonon statistics of a mechanical oscillator in hybrid systems composed of an atom and one or two standard optomechanical cavities. An efficiently enhanced atom-phonon interaction can be derived via a tripartite atom-photon-phonon interaction, where the atom-photon coupling depends on the mechanical displacement without practically changing a cavity frequency. This novel mechanism of optomechanical interactions, as predicted recently by Cotrufo et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett.118, 133603 (2017)10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.133603], is fundamentally different from standard ones. In the enhanced atom-phonon coupling, the strong phonon nonlinearity at a single-excitation level is obtained in the originally weak-coupling regime, which leads to the appearance of phonon blockade. Moreover, the optimal parameter regimes are presented both for the cases of one and two cavities. We compared phonon-number correlation functions of different orders for mechanical steady states generated in the one-cavity hybrid system, revealing the occurrence of phonon-induced tunneling and different types of phonon blockade. Our approach offers an alternative method to generate and control a single phonon in the quantum regime and could have potential applications in single-phonon quantum technologies.
We study the cross-Kerr (CK) effect on an optomechanical system driven by two-tone fields. We show that in the presence of the CK effect, a bistable behavior of the mean photon number in the cavity becomes more robust against the fluctuations of the frequency detuning between the cavity mode and the control field. The bistability can also be turned into a tristability within the experimentally accessible range of the system parameters. Also, we find that the symmetric profile of the optomechanically induced transparency is broken and the zero-absorption point is shifted in the presence of the CK effect. This shift can be used to measure the strength of the CK effect and the asymmetric absorption profiles can be employed to engineer a high quality factor of the cavity.
Phonon nonlinearities play an important role in hybrid quantum networks and on-chip quantum devices. We investigate the phonon statistics of a mechanical oscillator in hybrid systems composed of an atom and one or two standard optomechanical cavities. An efficiently enhanced atom-phonon interaction can be derived via a tripartite atom-photon-phonon interaction, where the atom-photon coupling depends on the mechanical displacement without practically changing a cavity frequency. This novel mechanism of optomechanical interactions, as predicted recently by Cotrufo et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 133603 (2017)], is fundamentally different from standard ones. In the enhanced atom-phonon coupling, the strong phonon nonlinearity at a single-excitation level is obtained in the originally weak-coupling regime, which leads to the appearance of phonon blockade. Moreover, the optimal parameter regimes are presented both for the cases of one- and two- cavities. We compared phonon-number correlation functions of different orders for mechanical steady states generated in the one-cavity hybrid system, revealing the occurrence of phonon-induced tunneling and different types of phonon blockade. Our approach offers an alternative method to generate and control a single phonon in the quantum regime, and has potential applications in single-phonon quantum technologies.
Abstract Strong cross‐Kerr nonlinearity at the single‐photon level is crucial for various quantum applications, but usually very difficult to achieve. In this work, an efficient method to generate and exponentially enhance the cross‐Kerr nonlinearity in quantum optomechanics of two optical cavities coupled to a common mechanical resonator is proposed. Through periodically modulating the mechanical spring constant, a nonlinear two‐phonon drive can be acquired to amplify the mechanical zero‐point fluctuations. As a result, the exponentially enhanced cross‐Kerr interaction between the two optical modes can be realized via the amplified mechanical motion. The distinct feature of this scheme is that a true enhancement of cross‐Kerr nonlinearity can be achieved at the single‐photon level. As intriguing applications, it is also also proposed to generate anticorrelated photon blockade and stabilize one‐photon Fock state based on the enhanced nonlinearity. The present work may provide an appealing way for creating strong cross‐Kerr coupling.
Abstract We introduce a hybrid cavity optomechanical model capable of generating significant genuine tripartite interactions and entanglement among coherent degrees of freedom. However, realizing and controlling such tripartite interactions and their entanglement pose crucial challenges that remain largely unexplored. In this work, we predict a tripartite coupling mechanism within a hybrid quantum system consisting of a vibrating mechanical oscillator, a two-level atom and a single-frequency cavity field. We specifically propose a mechanism for tripartite and cross-Kerr nonlinear coupling through displacement and squeezing transformations. By adjusting the optical amplitude of the pump light, we can effectively enhance these nonlinear couplings, facilitating the manipulation of entangled and squeezed states. The resulting tripartite genuine entanglement exhibits distinct evolutionary characteristics. Notably, when the pump light amplitude is large, the tripartite entanglement persists for longer time. Additionally, the phonon displays characteristics of both cooling and squeezing. Our study presents a pathway for exploring and exploiting controllable multipartite entanglement, as well as achieving phonon cooling and squeezing with the assistance of a mesoscopic harmonic oscillator. This work underscores the innovative potential of our model in advancing the field of optomechanics and quantum entanglement.