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Acta Physica Sinica

Experimental research on single-frequency fiber Raman amplifier

Jiangming Xu, Leng Jinyong, Han Kai, Pu Zhou, Hou Jing

Published Jan 1, 2012• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Single-frequency fiber Raman amplifier (SF-FRA) is known for the ability of all-band amplification, and it is very attractive for the amplification of single-frequency seed light at a special wavelength, such as 1178nm and 1271nm. The 1080nm single-frequency signal light is amplified by a 1031nm pump source, and the influences of seed power of single-frequency signal light, length of Raman gain fiber, pump scheme are experimentally investigated. The results show that the efficiency of SF-FRA increases with the enhancement of the single-frequency signal power and the length of Raman gain fiber. The efficiency of co-pump SF-FRA is higher than that of the counter-pump SF-FRA. The measure ments show that the linewidth of single-frequency signal light is not broadened obviously in the process of Raman amplification. The visibilities of the rapid-exposure pattern of far-field interference of single-frequency seed light and the amplified light are 0.814 and 0.719, respectively. The results show that the coherence of single-frequency signal light is affected by the SF-FRA more or less. These experimental results can provide a reference for designing other special wavelength SF-FRA.

DOI
10.7498/aps.61.074204

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Single-frequency fiber Raman amplifier (SF-FRA) is known for the ability of all-band amplification, and it is very attractive for the amplification of single-frequency seed light at a special wavelength, such as 1178nm and 1271nm. The 1080nm single-frequency signal light is amplified by a 1031nm pump source, and the influences of seed power of single-frequency signal light, length of Raman gain fiber, pump scheme are experimentally investigated. The results show that the efficiency of SF-FRA increases with the enhancement of the single-frequency signal power and the length of Raman gain fiber. The efficiency of co-pump SF-FRA is higher than that of the counter-pump SF-FRA. The measure ments show that the linewidth of single-frequency signal light is not broadened obviously in the process of Raman amplification. The visibilities of the rapid-exposure pattern of far-field interference of single-frequency seed light and the amplified light are 0.814 and 0.719, respectively. The results show that the coherence of single-frequency signal light is affected by the SF-FRA more or less. These experimental results can provide a reference for designing other special wavelength SF-FRA.
For the first time, four different noise sources, which are amplified quantum noise, Raman phonon seeded excess noise, pump transferred noise (PTN), and pump residual noise, are considered simultaneously to model the wavelength-dependent noise figure in a single-pumped fiber optical parametric amplifier. An asymmetric signal NF spectrum induced by both Raman phonon seeded excess noise and Raman gain modified PTN is measured in the electrical domain. Theoretical results agree very well with the experimental data. The idler NF spectrum is also analyzed and measured, which shows a more symmetric profile.
We describe a fiber Raman amplifier for nanosecond and sub-nanosecond pulses centered around 1260 nm. The amplification takes place inside a 4.5-m-long polarization-maintaining phosphorus-doped fiber, pumped at 1080 nm by 3-ns-long pulses with a repetition rate of 200 kHz and up to 1.75 kW peak power. The input seed pulses are of sub-mW peak-power and minimal duration of 0.25 ns, carved out of a continuous-wave laser with sub-MHz linewidth. We obtain linearly polarized output pulses with peak powers of up to 1.4 kW, corresponding to peak-power conversion efficiency of over 80%. An ultrahigh small signal gain of 90 dB is achieved, and the signal-to-noise ratio 3 dB below the saturation power is above 20 dB. No significant temporal and spectral broadening is observed for output pulses up to 400 W peak power, and broadening at higher powers can be reduced by phase modulation of the seed pulse. Thus, nearly-transform-limited pulses with peak power up to 1 kW are obtained. Finally, we demonstrate the generation of pulses with controllable frequency chirp, pulses with variable width, and double pulses. This amplifier is thus suitable for coherent control of narrow atomic resonances, especially for the fast and coherent excitation of rubidium atoms to Rydberg states. These abilities open the way towards several important applications in quantum non-linear optics.
We have previously reported experimental results of Raman amplification of a low-light-level seed-Stokes beam in the transient limit.1 Here we present results of measurements which used a 10-nsec seed-injected Nd:YAG laser. The 532-nm frequency-doubled output had a duration of 8.5 ns and was used both to generate a 4.5-ns duration seed-Stokes pulse at 683 nm and to pump the 1-m long Raman amplifier. The seed-Stokes beam was spatially filtered, apertured at the Airy minimum, and collimated before the amplifier at a diameter of 5.2 mm. Likewise, the spatial mode of the pump was optimized to be as smooth as possible and was collimated into the Raman amplifier at a diameter of 3.4 mm. With no seed Stokes incident in the amplifier, random spatial patterns characteristic of the quantum-noise initiated, self­generated Stokes light were observed over a spatially gain-narrowed beam size supporting ~ 12 spatial modes. For the Raman gains of ~105 used in these experiments the number of temporal modes was 1.8. The seed-Stokes light was used to illuminate a bar chart of line-width 0.315 mm, and either a direct image of the bar chart, or its Fourier transform, was amplified in the Raman amplifier. The original bar chart image was then observed using an intensified camera. As the level of seed-Stokes was reduced to that approaching one photon per spatial-temporal mode, we were able to observe intensity modulations approaching 100% within the amplified bar chart images. Modulation levels of a few percent persist out to input levels of ~103 photons per mode. This observation is consistent with an interpretation of interference between electric field of the seed-Stokes beam and the vacuum fluctuations present in the amplifier but is inconsistent with a photon number description where the maximum predicted modulation would be only 50%.
A complete experimental and theoretical study of rare earth doped fiber-optic amplifiers for the first tele-communication window has been made. The thulium doped fluoride fiber amplifier is shown to provide amplification in the 800nm-820nm signal region. A complete steady state theoretical model has been presented and the model has been experimentally verified. The model predicts the gain, noise figure and the amplified spontaneous emission in the 800nm, 1470nm, 1900nm and 2300nm bands. The effect of population trapping at the sp3Fsb4\\sp3F\\sb4sp3Fsb4 energy level of thulium ion is also shown with the help of the model. It has been shown that about 5-15%o of the population is trapped at the sp3Fsb4\\sp3F\\sb4sp3Fsb4 energy level. We have also shown theoretically, the expected gain and noise performance of Thulium doped fluoride fiber amplifiers pumped in the 680nm absorption band. The maximum gain at 806nm is slightly lower than with comparable 780 nm pumping. The gain bandwidth is however found to increase with 680nm pumping. The higher ASE at shorter wavelengths ($<$806nm) reduces the gain at the peak wavelength (806nm). This is a result of the better inversion with three level pumping at 680nm as compared to two level resonant pumping at 780nm. We report an efficient single mode erbium doped flouride fiber amplifier in the 850nm signal band for the first time. The amplification is through an up-conversion process. The erbium doped flouride fiber amplifier was pumped with an estimated pump power of 35mW at 792nm. We have also considered a theoretical model for a single mode erbium doped fluoride fiber amplifier. Efficient amplification occurs because of the strong excited state absorption at the pump wavelength from the sp4Isb13/2\\sp4I\\sb{13/2}sp4Isb13/2 energy level.
Abstract With the continuous evolution of communication technology, and the rapid rise of fiber optic communication in China However, the transmission distance of fiber optic communication is limited due to its fiber loss, so fiber optic amplifier has become one of the key research topics today. Currently on the market is a large-scale commercial bait-doped fiber amplifier, although it has the advantage of low noise and high gain, its effective amplification band is only concentrated in 1530 nm-1620 nm, however, there are many important transmission band amplification there are still research gaps. As a result, the focus of this paper’s research is on optimizing the gain spectrum of a bismuth-doped fiber amplifier at wavelengths between 1200 and 1600 nm using modelling and numerical simulation. The research method of this paper is as follows: first of all, after the literature survey, this topic is using the three-energy level structure, and then collecting the data of pump light wavelength and emission absorption cross-section, signal light emission, and absorption cross-section. fit the data to the graph line, and call the genetic optimization algorithm to derive the gain spectrum optimal value. It’s found that when the pump light wavelength is 1230 nm, fiber length is 2 m, bismuth ion doping concentration is 10.0×1024 ions/m3, the signal light wavelength is 1330 m, its amplifier gain spectrum reaches a peak of 57.17 dB, which is consistent with the results of the three-layer cycle (manual search).