The purpose of this paper is to present a hypothesis: that frequency is the key to understanding the fundamental nature of time. Time and space are mirror images of each other and they are two different ways of expressing inverse frequency. The reason this is important is because, by starting with frequency the relationships of physics can be expressed by linear equations. It is known that frequency is directly proportional to and thus equivalent to quantum energy. By expressing the relationship of spatial frequency vs. temporal frequency as a simple geometric model, several well-known relationships fall into place without having to stretch the model into warped expressions of spacetime that require complicated hyperbolic functions or field equations. The result is a sensible interpretation of the meaning of time, spacetime, quantum particles and quantum wave functions. The model also lends itself directly to an understanding of how space and time become dissociated and transform into quantum bits of information, which automatically models reality as a quantum computer. The implications of these interpretations provide a bridge between physics, as a physical science, and life sciences that take in information from their surroundings, convolve it with itself as particles and thereby shape and reshape matter, allowing living organisms to change with time and adapt to their environment.
The purpose of this paper is to present a hypothesis: that frequency is the key to understanding the fundamental nature of time. Time and space are mirror images of each other and they are two different ways of expressing inverse frequency. The reason this is important is because, by starting with frequency the relationships of physics can be expressed by linear equations. It is known that frequency is directly proportional to and thus equivalent to quantum energy. By expressing the relationship of spatial frequency vs. temporal frequency as a simple geometric model, several well-known relationships fall into place without having to stretch the model into warped expressions of spacetime that require complicated hyperbolic functions or field equations. The result is a sensible interpretation of the meaning of time, spacetime, quantum particles and quantum wave functions. The model also lends itself directly to an understanding of how space and time become dissociated and transform into quantum bits of information, which automatically models reality as a quantum computer. The implications of these interpretations provide a bridge between physics, as a physical science, and life sciences that take in information from their surroundings, convolve it with itself as particles and thereby shape and reshape matter, allowing living organisms to change with time and adapt to their environment.
Quantum Mechanics is appropriately named because it is mostly about the mechanics used to work probability problems. There must be, and there is a better way to visualize the concepts of quantum physics so that teachers can present a consistent conceptual interpretation. In this paper, we use a graph (i.e. the image of a graphical map) to represent the relationships between space, time and motion but we interpose the linear space-time domain (the moving or relativistic reference frame in the region greater than one) with a logarithmic spatial-temporal frequency domain (the at-rest or quantum reference frame in the region between zero and one). This approach demonstrates space-time equivalence as S=Tc^2, and thereby reveals the de Broglie equations for energy of a quantum particle in exactly the same geometric relation as the total energy relations that include mass-energy equivalence. The model allows one to visualize the particle-wave duality as a change in perspective the same as you can visualize an object both at rest with respect to your classroom yet in motion with respect to the sun, provides a perspective on the meaning of time and the psychological time flux as an eternal process of transformation, reinterprets the speed of light as the speed at which darkness (the absence of information) recedes, and concludes that the solid objects that occupy 3-dimensional expanse of space can be viewed as holomorphic images, materialized by the interaction of fields that gain physical form by their transformation into divergence and curl.
Plank confine energy in quanta and later Heisenberg gave space-time limitations. Schrodinger wave function Ψ express quantum oscillation and Born clarified this wave function |Ψ|² as the probability of presence. Hypothesis of space, interprets the wave function Ψ as oscillatory space produced by the presence of quantized energy. Matter is confined in these quanta environment and its energetic space (quanta volume times its frequency) is related to surrounding space by Einstein equivalence principle. This theory develops a new way to interpret and integrate quantum mechanics with general relativity. Verifying the consistency of this quantumrelativistic interpretation, an explanation is given to the fundamental's ideas, observations and experiments of Modern Physics.
Quantum Mechanics is appropriately named because it is mostly about the mechanics of working out probability problems as they apply to the mysterious effect of measurement that makes energy present as quantum particle-waves. It is easy to visualize a quantum particle but there seems to be no way to visualize a “probability wave” so there has never been a clear interpretation of what quantum physics tells us – or should tell us – about the underlying essence of reality. Fortunately, a new approach was discovered and proven to work in biology that treats the mystery of life like a locking system and provides not only the key, but also the keyhole and the direction in which to turn it. In this paper the systems approach is introduced, including some background information on the history of how the systems approach has integrated elements of substance philosophy with process philosophy and has become a powerful tool for use in science. Here, it is applied to physics and used to represent the transformation of implicit energy into an explicit space-time quantum domain superimposed on a relativistic time-space background. These two “products” are then correlated with two of four blocks in a basic control-system diagram (input and output) commonly used in control-systems engineering. (The four blocks are input, transfer function, output and feedback function) Because they are explicit, they can be drawn explicitly on the space versus time plot as a map of motion. We emphasize that this is a map – an explicit projection of an implicit function (in this case, a plot of space versus time is a projection of the variance we call motion) represented as an implicit domain (a perpendicular dimension). We recognizing that a feedback function is equivalent to and therefore implies a back-projection or reflection back “up” into that “implicate order.” These two implicit functions (projection and reflection) are then correlated with the transfer function and feedback function in the control system. The motion function is related to the probability wave by the name used in statistics – the “variance” of a statistical distribution – and we point out that each axis of the space-time domain is scaled by standard “deviations,” which define the explicit scales. Because a standard deviation is the square root of a variance, the square space that maps as a relativistic scalar plot (a standard Cartesian coordinate system) of space versus time or “space-time” actually represents one of two square roots of the implicit variance we call motion. In essence, our measurements of this domain keep us rooted in physical reality. However, this coordinate system is shown to be just the root – one part of a “whole system” that includes a non-physical implicit feedback function. The feedback function is correlated with the “reflection” of the explicit domain, i.e. inverse-space and inverse-time, presented as a phase space called time-space and represented as a unit of spatial frequency versus temporal frequency. These frequency representations are shown to be the two well-known equations for quantum energy from quantum mechanics and they are used to identify energy-space as “the quantum domain” inside of, or superimposed on the background “relativistic domain,” which is a scalar space. These two domains are then shown to be coupled at the point where both scales are equal to “1”. As a whole, and in the language of quantum field theory, this model is a graphical representation of an energy-momentum tensor and as a visual model, it provides a clear conceptual interpretation of complexity theory, in which reality is expressed as the superposition of a self-organizing control system that convolves with a dissipative open system or “sea of disorder” and transforms it into physical units of order. This “holomorphic systems approach” is similar to, but much simpler and visually illustrative than the mathematically rigorous discussion On Symmetry and the Reality of Holomorphic Hartree–Fock Wavefunctions [1] or the Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory [2]. Furthermore, it reveals that the question about the beginning of time is a question fallacy, by representing the equivalence of space and time as S=Tc2, and presents it geometrically to be the exact same relation as the mass-energy equivalence equation E=mc2. The model also reveals that quantized energy (which Huynh and Thom refer to as self-consistent fields or SCF) projects as a characteristic and allows one to visualize the solution to the particle-wave duality “problem” as being a change in perspective. It’s the change in perspective that makes the particle-like property and wave-like property appear as “emergent” – analogous to what would appear when one visualizes an object from two different perspectives – at rest with respect to one’s own body yet in motion relative to some other “moving” body. The approach also reveals how the transfer function and feedback function act to transform matter, adding the fourth component (the Controller) and making it a complete control system: a self-organizing, self-sensing system that can see itself explicitly and reflect upon itself implicitly. How that correlates with living systems becomes obvious.
Current interpretations of quantum mechanics suggest that the classical concepts of space and time are not applicable to microscopic systems. Salecker and Wigner have recently proved that these concepts have no operational meaning for microsystems. Therefore, space-time descriptions may be valid only for macroscopic systems. It is here suggested that space and time themselves arise from, but do not have analogs in, the properties of microscopic particles, in the same way that thermodynamic properties arise as a result of interactions among the many actually existing particles of the universe. Neither the particles nor the interactions need to be described in spatial-temporal terms. This macroscopic interpretation of space-time seems compatible with the known properties of the physical world, suggests a more direct interpretation of the statistical nature of microscopic events, and offers a new approach to some physical problems.
Quantum Mechanics is appropriately named because it is mostly about the mechanics of working out probability problems as they apply to the mysterious effect of measurement that makes energy present as quantum particle-waves. It is easy to visualize a quantum particle but there seems to be no way to visualize a “probability wave” so there has never been a clear interpretation of what quantum physics tells us – or should tell us – about the underlying essence of reality. Fortunately, a new approach was discovered and proven to work in biology that treats the mystery of life like a locking system and provides not only the key, but also the keyhole and the direction in which to turn it. In this paper the systems approach is introduced, including some background information on the history of how the systems approach has integrated elements of substance philosophy with process philosophy and has become a powerful tool for use in science. Here, it is applied to physics and used to represent the transformation of implicit energy into an explicit space-time quantum domain superimposed on a relativistic time-space background. These two “products” are then correlated with two of four blocks in a basic control-system diagram (input and output) commonly used in control-systems engineering. (The four blocks are input, transfer function, output and feedback function) Because they are explicit, they can be drawn explicitly on the space versus time plot as a map of motion. We emphasize that this is a map – an explicit projection of an implicit function (in this case, a plot of space versus time is a projection of the variance we call motion) represented as an implicit domain (a perpendicular dimension). We recognizing that a feedback function is equivalent to and therefore implies a back-projection or reflection back “up” into that “implicate order.” These two implicit functions (projection and reflection) are then correlated with the transfer function and feedback function in the control system. The motion function is related to the probability wave by the name used in statistics – the “variance” of a statistical distribution – and we point out that each axis of the space-time domain is scaled by standard “deviations,” which define the explicit scales. Because a standard deviation is the square root of a variance, the square space that maps as a relativistic scalar plot (a standard Cartesian coordinate system) of space versus time or “space-time” actually represents one of two square roots of the implicit variance we call motion. In essence, our measurements of this domain keep us rooted in physical reality. However, this coordinate system is shown to be just the root – one part of a “whole system” that includes a non-physical implicit feedback function. The feedback function is correlated with the “reflection” of the explicit domain, i.e. inverse-space and inverse-time, presented as a phase space called time-space and represented as a unit of spatial frequency versus temporal frequency. These frequency representations are shown to be the two well-known equations for quantum energy from quantum mechanics and they are used to identify energy-space as “the quantum domain” inside of, or superimposed on the background “relativistic domain,” which is a scalar space. These two domains are then shown to be coupled at the point where both scales are equal to “1”. As a whole, and in the language of quantum field theory, this model is a graphical representation of an energy-momentum tensor and as a visual model, it provides a clear conceptual interpretation of complexity theory, in which reality is expressed as the superposition of a self-organizing control system that convolves with a dissipative open system or “sea of disorder” and transforms it into physical units of order. This “holomorphic systems approach” is similar to, but much simpler and visually illustrative than the mathematically rigorous discussion On Symmetry and the Reality of Holomorphic Hartree–Fock Wavefunctions [1] or the Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory [2]. Furthermore, it reveals that the question about the beginning of time is a question fallacy, by representing the equivalence of space and time as S=Tc2, and presents it geometrically to be the exact same relation as the mass-energy equivalence equation E=mc2. The model also reveals that quantized energy (which Huynh and Thom refer to as self-consistent fields or SCF) projects as a characteristic and allows one to visualize the solution to the particle-wave duality “problem” as being a change in perspective. It’s the change in perspective that makes the particle-like property and wave-like property appear as “emergent” – analogous to what would appear when one visualizes an object from two different perspectives – at rest with respect to one’s own body yet in motion relative to some other “moving” body. The approach also reveals how the transfer function and feedback function act to transform matter, adding the fourth component (the Controller) and making it a complete control system: a self-organizing, self-sensing system that can see itself explicitly and reflect upon itself implicitly. How that correlates with living systems becomes obvious.
The origin of space and time is the deepest question in fundamental physics. This paper addresses it from quantum-theoretic perspective, deriving both concepts from elementary principles. Time appears as a measure for the stream of decision acts, collapsing quantum potentialities of the future to actual reality. Guiding of this construction is identified as fundamental function of life, thus obtaining definition in cybernetic style. This entails specific geometric structure of subjective meaning identical to that of the simplest quantum state, the qubit. Alignment of individual meaning spaces then produces 3-dimensional Euclidean space as biologically fixed format of common sense. The problem of space-time is thereby triangulated with the nature of life, identifying these three concepts as integral sides of the same fundamental phenomenon. The theory opens new prospects for scientific and ethical progress.