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Chinese Optics Letters

Robust second-order correlation of twin parametric beams generated by amplified spontaneous parametric down-conversion

Kunpeng Jia, Xiaohan Wang, Xinjie Lü, Ping Xu, Zhenlin Wang, Chee Wei Wong, Gang Zhao, Yan-Xiao Gong, Zhenda Xie, Shining N. Zhu

Published Jan 1, 2020• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We report an observation of the second-order correlation between twin beams generated by amplified spontaneous parametric down-conversion operating above threshold with kilowatt-level peak power, from a periodically poled LiTaO 3 crystal via a single-pass scheme.Photocurrent correlation was measured because of the bright photon streams, with raw visibility of 37.9% or 97.3% after electronic filtering.As expected in our theory, this correlation is robust and insensitive to parametric gain and detection loss, enabling important applications in optical communications, precision measurement, and nonlocal imaging.

DOI
10.3788/col202018.121902

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We report on the observation of broadband (40 THz) bright twin beams through high-gain parametric downconversion in an aperiodically poled lithium niobate crystal. The output photon number is shown to scale exponentially with the pump power and not with the pump amplitude, as in homogeneous crystals. Photon number correlations and the number of frequency/temporal modes are assessed by spectral covariance measurements. By using sum-frequency generation on the surface of a non-phase-matched crystal, we measure a cross-correlation peak with the temporal width of 90 fs. (C) 2018 Optical Society of America
We report on the observation of broadband (40 THz) bright twin beams through high-gain parametric downconversion in an aperiodically poled lithium niobate crystal. The output photon number is shown to scale exponentially with the pump power and not with the pump amplitude, as in homogeneous crystals. Photon number correlations and the number of frequency/temporal modes are assessed by spectral covariance measurements. By using sum-frequency generation on the surface of a non-phase-matched crystal, we measure a cross-correlation peak with the temporal width of 90 fs.
Uniaxial anisotropy in nonlinear birefringent crystals limits the efficiency of nonlinear optical interactions and breaks the spatial symmetry of light generated in the parametric down-conversion (PDC) process. Therefore, this effect is usually undesirable and must be compensated for. However, high gain may be used to overcome the destructive role of anisotropy in order to generate bright two-mode correlated twin-beams. In this work, we provide a rigorous theoretical description of the spatial properties of bright squeezed light in the presence of strong anisotropy. We investigate a single crystal and a system of two crystals with an air gap (corresponding to a nonlinear SU(1,1) interferometer) and demonstrate the generation of bright correlated twin-beams in such configurations at high gain due to anisotropy. We explore the mode structure of the generated light and show how anisotropy, together with crystal spacing, can be used for radiation shaping.
We observed the second order correlation peak for nondegenerate spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) of a pulsed pump at 532 nm into 810 nm and 1550 nm entangled beams. We used a Si avalanche photodiode (APD) to detect the 810 nm photons, and an InGaAs APD to detect those at 1550 nm. We defined both a visibility and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) based on the data, which were obtained at various pump powers. In contrast to classical imaging systems, for which SNR increases monotonically with transmitted power, the SNR for the correlation peak in our setup exhibited a gradual decay as the pump power increased. We derived an empirical relation for the SNR, which was inversely proportional to the square root of pump power.
We report the realization of a bright ultrafast type II parametric down-conversion source of twin beams free of any spatiotemporal correlations in a periodically poled KTiOPO4 (PP-KTP) waveguide. From a robust, single-pass setup it emits pulsed two-mode squeezed vacuum states: photon-number entangled pairs of single-mode pulses or, in terms of continuous variables quantum optics, pulsed Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen states in the telecom wavelength regime. We verify the single-mode character of our source by measuring Glauber correlation functions g(2) and demonstrate with a pump energy as low as 75 pJ per pump pulse a mean photon number of 2.5.