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Applied Sciences

Observation of an Electromagnetically Induced Grating in Cold 85Rb Atoms

Hengfei Zhang, Jinpeng Yuan, Shichao Dong, Chaohua Wu, Lirong Wang

Published Aug 19, 2020• 23 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) is extensively investigated as an artificial periodic structure in recent years owed to its simple reconfiguration and flexible adjustability. We report the experimental observation of EIG in cold rubidium atoms. The coupling and probe lasers are corresponding to the 5S1/2−5P1/2 and 5S1/2−5P3/2 transitions of a V-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) configuration, respectively. A clear spatial intensity distribution of the probe laser with distinguished third-order diffraction pattern is recorded to character the EIG. The influence of the pertinent experimental parameters, such as coupling laser intensity and two-photon detuning on the diffraction pattern is investigated in detail. This is the first observation in visual form of the EIG in cold rubidium atoms. These results may potentially provide a nondestructive method to image cold atoms and pave the way for investigating non-Hermitian physics and the control of light dynamics.

DOI
10.3390/app10175740

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Communications in Physics•Dec 15, 2024•0 citations
Electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) is extensively investigated as an artificial periodic structure in recent years owed to its simple reconfiguration and flexible adjustability. We report the experimental observation of EIG in cold rubidium atoms. The coupling and probe lasers are corresponding to the 5S1/2−5P1/2 and 5S1/2−5P3/2 transitions of a V-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) configuration, respectively. A clear spatial intensity distribution of the probe laser with distinguished third-order diffraction pattern is recorded to character the EIG. The influence of the pertinent experimental parameters, such as coupling laser intensity and two-photon detuning on the diffraction pattern is investigated in detail. This is the first observation in visual form of the EIG in cold rubidium atoms. These results may potentially provide a nondestructive method to image cold atoms and pave the way for investigating non-Hermitian physics and the control of light dynamics.
A controllable electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) is experimentally realized in a coherent rubidium ensemble with 5 S 1/2 -5 P 3/2 -5 D 5/2 cascade configuration. In our work, a whole picture describing the relation between the first-order diffraction efficiency and the power of the coupling field is experimentally presented for the first time, which agrees well with the theoretical prediction. More important, by fine tuning the experimental parameters, the first-order diffraction efficiency of as high as 25% can be achieved and a clear three-order diffraction pattern is also observed. Such a controllable periodic structure can provide a powerful tool for studying the control of light dynamics, pave the way for realizing new optical device.
The electromagnetically induced Talbot effect (EITE) resulting from the repeated self-reconstruction of a spatially intensity-modulated probe field is experimentally demonstrated in a three-level atomic configuration. The probe beam is launched into an optically induced lattice (established by the interference of two coupling fields) inside a rubidium vapor cell and is diffracted by the electromagnetically induced grating that was formed. The diffraction pattern repeats itself at the planes of integer multiple Talbot lengths. In addition, a fractional EITE is also investigated. The experimental observations agree well with the theoretical predictions. This investigation may potentially pave the way for studying the nonlinear and quantum dynamical features that have been predicted for established periodic optical systems.
We investigate ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in rubidium gas. The theoretical absorption profile of a weak probe laser beam at 780.2nm (5S1∕2→5P3∕2) is modeled in the presence of a strong coupling laser beam at 776.0nm (5P3∕2→5D5∕2) and the absorption transparency window is characterized. We use two grating-feedback diode lasers and observe EIT experimentally in rubidium and compare the results to the theory. This experiment brings quantum optics into the advanced undergraduate laboratory and utilizes equipment and expertise commonly available in laboratories equipped to perform diode-laser-based absorption spectroscopy of rubidium.
In addition to the suppressed absorption in the atomic resonance region, an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium also possess giant nonlinear dispersion which significantly affects the optical properties of the medium. In this work, we study the influence of third-order nonlinear susceptibility on electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) in a three-level V-type atomic medium. By applying stationary perturbation theory to the density matrix equations describing the time evolution of the quantum states of the system, we have found density matrix solutions to the third-order perturbation corresponding to the third-order susceptibility, and found the transmission function for the probe light. Using the Fourier transform of the transmission function, we can obtain the intensity distribution function of the EIG diffraction spectrum as a function of laser parameters and the atomic medium. To see the influence of third-order susceptibility on EIG diffraction spectrum, we have simulated EIG spectra in two cases with and without third-order susceptibility. We found that the first-order diffraction efficiency was significantly enhanced when third-order susceptibility was introduced.