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arXiv:1608.00298 · Physical Review A

Observation of electromagnetically induced Talbot effect in an atomic system

Zhaoyang Zhang, Xing Liu, Dan Zhang, Jiteng Sheng, Yiqi Zhang, Yanpeng Zhang, Min Xiao

Published Jan 3, 2018• 43 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The electromagnetically induced Talbot effect (EITE) resulting from the repeated self-reconstruction of a spatially intensity-modulated probe field is experimentally demonstrated in a three-level atomic configuration. The probe beam is launched into an optically induced lattice (established by the interference of two coupling fields) inside a rubidium vapor cell and is diffracted by the electromagnetically induced grating that was formed. The diffraction pattern repeats itself at the planes of integer multiple Talbot lengths. In addition, a fractional EITE is also investigated. The experimental observations agree well with the theoretical predictions. This investigation may potentially pave the way for studying the nonlinear and quantum dynamical features that have been predicted for established periodic optical systems.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.97.013603

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The electromagnetically induced Talbot effect (EITE) resulting from the repeated self-reconstruction of a spatially intensity-modulated probe field is experimentally demonstrated in a three-level atomic configuration. The probe beam is launched into an optically induced lattice (established by the interference of two coupling fields) inside a rubidium vapor cell and is diffracted by the electromagnetically induced grating that was formed. The diffraction pattern repeats itself at the planes of integer multiple Talbot lengths. In addition, a fractional EITE is also investigated. The experimental observations agree well with the theoretical predictions. This investigation may potentially pave the way for studying the nonlinear and quantum dynamical features that have been predicted for established periodic optical systems.
ladder-type system. By launching a probe laser into a periodically modulated lattice constructed by two crossed coupling fields with a small angle inside the rubidium vapor, a high-resolution diffraction pattern is obtained. The diffraction pattern is reproduced completely at detection positions of an integer multiple of twice the Talbot lengths. Meanwhile, the fractional Talbot effect, presented as complicated subimages at special positions, is also clearly observed. Furthermore, the theoretical simulations are conducted and agree well with the experimental results. These results pave the way for studying the control of light dynamics based on the periodically modulated medium.
We demonstrate the Talbot effect of an electromagnetically induced square photonic lattice formed under the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) condition both experimentally and theoretically in a three-level 85 R b atomic configuration. The two-dimensional lattice patterns result from the diffraction of a Gaussian probe field traveling through the vapor cell, in which the refractive index is modulated by a coupling field with a two-dimensional periodic intensity distribution generated by a spatial light modulator. The experimental observations are consistent with the theoretical predictions. This investigation not only provides a new avenue for producing desired electromagnetically induced photonic lattices beyond the commonly adopted multi-beam interfering method but also broadens studies of electromagnetically induced Talbot effect to two-dimensional space.
The diffraction pattern of a two-dimensional optically induced atomic lattice is reported experimentally in a three-level atomic system. Such a two-dimensional optical lattice is established by two orthogonal standing-wave fields induced by the interference of two pairs of coupling laser beams. When the probe beam is launched into it, a spatially modulated discrete diffraction pattern can be obtained at the output plane of the vapor cell under the electromagnetically induced transparency condition. We investigate the diffraction pattern under different experimental parameters and find that it can be effectively controlled by tuning the coupling laser power and two-photon detuning. Our work may potentially pave the way for studying the control of light and other intriguing physical phenomena based on such a periodically modulated atomic lattice.
The nonlinear Talbot effect means formation of self-imaging of the periodic structure by utilizing the harmonic wave instead of the fundamental one. Electromagnetically induced optical lattices established in atomic ensembles by optical induction technique have received great attention in recent years. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the nonlinear four wave mixing (FWM) Talbot effect in the Rubidium medium, where the third-order susceptibility χ(3) has periodic distribution due to the modulation from the incident pump light. Two kinds of periodic structure, the square lattice and hexagonal lattice, are employed to investigate the nonlinear FWM Talbot effect. The integer and fractional Talbot images produced by the FWM field are all obtained. The experimental results are qualitatively consistent with theoretical simulations. Different from the self-imaging of the refractive index in the linear optics, the FWM Talbot effect is the self-imaging of the periodic χ(3). The results may offer a high-resolution lensless way for imaging various optical periodic structures.
Electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) is extensively investigated as an artificial periodic structure in recent years owed to its simple reconfiguration and flexible adjustability. We report the experimental observation of EIG in cold rubidium atoms. The coupling and probe lasers are corresponding to the 5S1/2−5P1/2 and 5S1/2−5P3/2 transitions of a V-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) configuration, respectively. A clear spatial intensity distribution of the probe laser with distinguished third-order diffraction pattern is recorded to character the EIG. The influence of the pertinent experimental parameters, such as coupling laser intensity and two-photon detuning on the diffraction pattern is investigated in detail. This is the first observation in visual form of the EIG in cold rubidium atoms. These results may potentially provide a nondestructive method to image cold atoms and pave the way for investigating non-Hermitian physics and the control of light dynamics.
We experimentally demonstrated the formation of a one-dimensional electromagnetically induced optical lattice in coherently prepared three-level 85Rb Rydberg atomic vapors with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The one-dimensional photonic lattice was optically induced by a coupling field with a spatially periodical intensity distribution deriving from the interference of two strong Gaussian beams from the same laser source (~480 nm). Under the Rydberg-EIT condition, the incident weak probe beam can feel a tunable spatially modulated susceptibility, which is verified by the controllable discrete diffraction pattern observed at the output plane of the vapor cell. This investigation not only opens the door for experimentally introducing the strong interaction between Rydberg atoms to govern the beam dynamics in photonic lattices based on atomic coherence but also provides an easily accessible periodic environment for exploring Rydberg-atom physics and related applications.