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Progress of Theoretical Physics

Dynamics of Two Holes in the t-J Model (Physics of f-Electrons and Related Phenomena in Strongly Correlated Systems)

Jun-ichiro Inoue, Sadamichi Maekawa

Published Jun 1, 1992• 0 citations
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Properties of One-Dimensional Strongly Correlated Electrons (Physics of f-Electrons and Related Phenomena in Strongly Correlated Systems)

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This thesis is concerned with momentum anisotropy in strongly correlated electron systems, and explores its origin and its consequences through two contrasting projects. The first is a study of the temperature dependences of magnetotransport quantities in the normal state of the cuprate high-temperature superconductors. A phenomenological anisotropic small-angle scattering model is investigated; Hall effect measurements can be reproduced for parameters sufficiently close to particle-hole symmetry, but the experimentally observed magnetoresistance cannot be explained. The second project studies the phase diagram and quasiparticle properties of the square lattice Hubbard model within two-site cluster dynamical mean field theory (DMFT), at zero temperature. The "two-site" approach provides a drastically simplified but physically motivated self-consistency scheme for DMFT. This is combined for the first time with cluster DMFT, within which different magnetic orders and momentum anisotropy may be represented consistently. The extent of antiferromagnetism is determined; phases are discovered where the Fermi surface consists of small hole pockets, and the Mott transition happens as these pockets shrink to points. Anisotropic phenomena observed in the cuprates are reproduced by the theory; a pseudogap destroys the Fermi surface in some places, leaving behind Fermi arcs that closed into hole pockets by lines with very small quasiparticle residue.

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Polarons and bipolarons in strongly interacting electron-phonon systems

Gerhard Wellein, Heinrich Röder, Holger Fehske

The Holstein Hubbard and Holstein t-J models are studied for a wide range of phonon frequencies, electron-electron, and electron-phonon interaction strengths on finite lattices with up to ten sites by means of direct Lanczos diagonalization. Previously the necessary truncation of the phononic Hilbert space caused serious limitations to either very small systems (four or even two sites) or to weak electron-phonon coupling, in particular in the adiabatic regime. Using parallel computers we were able to investigate the transition from ``large'' to ``small'' polarons in detail. By resolving the low-lying eigenstates of the Hamiltonian and by calculating the spectral function, we can identify a polaron band in the strong-coupling case, whose dispersion deviates from the free-particle dispersion at low and intermediate phonon frequencies. For two electrons (holes) we establish the existence of bipolaronic states and discuss the formation of a bipolaron band. For the two-dimensional Holstein t-J model, we demonstrate that the formation of hole polarons is favored by strong Coulomb correlations. Analyzing hole-hole correlation functions, we find that hole binding is enhanced as a dynamical effect of the electron-phonon interaction. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

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Physics of strongly correlated electron systems: Preface

Masatoshi Imada, Norio Kawakami, Hiroyuki Shiba +1 more

Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement•Dec 1, 2005•0 citations
This thesis is concerned with momentum anisotropy in strongly correlated electron systems, and explores its origin and its consequences through two contrasting projects. The first is a study of the temperature dependences of magnetotransport quantities in the normal state of the cuprate high-temperature superconductors. A phenomenological anisotropic small-angle scattering model is investigated; Hall effect measurements can be reproduced for parameters sufficiently close to particle-hole symmetry, but the experimentally observed magnetoresistance cannot be explained. The second project studies the phase diagram and quasiparticle properties of the square lattice Hubbard model within two-site cluster dynamical mean field theory (DMFT), at zero temperature. The "two-site" approach provides a drastically simplified but physically motivated self-consistency scheme for DMFT. This is combined for the first time with cluster DMFT, within which different magnetic orders and momentum anisotropy may be represented consistently. The extent of antiferromagnetism is determined; phases are discovered where the Fermi surface consists of small hole pockets, and the Mott transition happens as these pockets shrink to points. Anisotropic phenomena observed in the cuprates are reproduced by the theory; a pseudogap destroys the Fermi surface in some places, leaving behind Fermi arcs that closed into hole pockets by lines with very small quasiparticle residue.
The Holstein Hubbard and Holstein t-J models are studied for a wide range of phonon frequencies, electron-electron, and electron-phonon interaction strengths on finite lattices with up to ten sites by means of direct Lanczos diagonalization. Previously the necessary truncation of the phononic Hilbert space caused serious limitations to either very small systems (four or even two sites) or to weak electron-phonon coupling, in particular in the adiabatic regime. Using parallel computers we were able to investigate the transition from ``large'' to ``small'' polarons in detail. By resolving the low-lying eigenstates of the Hamiltonian and by calculating the spectral function, we can identify a polaron band in the strong-coupling case, whose dispersion deviates from the free-particle dispersion at low and intermediate phonon frequencies. For two electrons (holes) we establish the existence of bipolaronic states and discuss the formation of a bipolaron band. For the two-dimensional Holstein t-J model, we demonstrate that the formation of hole polarons is favored by strong Coulomb correlations. Analyzing hole-hole correlation functions, we find that hole binding is enhanced as a dynamical effect of the electron-phonon interaction. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.