It has been experimentally established that moving microobjects possess wave-particle duality - the ability to exhibit the properties of a strictly limited, and at the same time, unlimited object. Physics explains this using quantum formalism. The theory of nonlinear oscillations, operating on Newton’s methods, has discovered, thanks to an analogy with the well-known aerodynamic phenomena, that a real etheric wave component appears in a microobject when its velocity exceeds a critical value. During diffraction of this moving micro-object, its wave component is split. Since the ether wave propagates at a speed of 8•108m•s−1, ahead of the corpuscular component, the detached part of the wave component and its main part, weighed down by the corpuscular component, interfere according to special rules.
It has been experimentally established that moving microobjects possess wave-particle duality - the ability to exhibit the properties of a strictly limited, and at the same time, unlimited object. Physics explains this using quantum formalism. The theory of nonlinear oscillations, operating on Newton’s methods, has discovered, thanks to an analogy with the well-known aerodynamic phenomena, that a real etheric wave component appears in a microobject when its velocity exceeds a critical value. During diffraction of this moving micro-object, its wave component is split. Since the ether wave propagates at a speed of 8•108m•s−1, ahead of the corpuscular component, the detached part of the wave component and its main part, weighed down by the corpuscular component, interfere according to special rules.
This paper identifies the substantial nature of microworld wave-corpuscle duality and sets out fundamental differences between the microworld and macroworld wave-corpuscle duality. Wave-corpuscle duality of microscopic objects over a century has been among the most intriguing features of microworld. The fact is that microworld objects typically exhibit corpuscularity properties, that is, properties of strictly localized objects, and at the same time in special conditions have properties of spatially distributed and spatially unbounded media. Wave-corpuscle properties of microscopic objects were revealed during diffraction experiments when moving microscopic objects are passing through slots, through crystal lattices, nearby edges of bodies etc. Microscopic objects which have cleared diffractive obstacles (diffracted microobjects) leave spot traces on observation screen which speaks for their corpuscularity while distribution of numerous traces reminds in its nature intensity distribution of diffracted purely wave flows. Experiments prove that wave-corpuscle properties are exhibited by each individually diffracted microobject. Substantial nature of microobjects is still unknown. According to quantum physics a
The contents of the article is mirrored in its title. In science the fact is well-known, that often opposite notions about that or diverse phenomenon result in identical end results, that produces bitter controversies of the opponents. The example can be served by century dispute between the supporters of the wave and corpuscular nature of light, dispute between a system of Ptolemy and Copernicus and many other conflictings in the most miscellaneous areas of science. The wave description of physical phenomena cannot be executed without of elastic medium (ether) in which one there is a wave process and is diffused by means of this elastic medium. Therefore description of wave phenomena in a solid, liquid and gas adequately mirrors the test datas and problems here does not arise. There, where the elastic medium misses, it is necessary to invent miscellaneous ruses to distribute the wave description and to these objects: empty world space (world ether in the miscellaneous fancy forms), internal space of atoms (wave functions of probability), fields (short-range interaction of fields by means of transfer of a disturbance from one point to other), electromagnetic radiation of the Maxwell (simultaneous oscillation magnetic and electrical field in an elastic medium). The wave description of world is fine is designed, since above it many generations of the known scientists worked, but main brake here it is necessary to have in stock an elastic medium. There, where it no or there are doubts in its existence, a field for critics there is opened. In the formal-mathematical description of the world the elastic medium is not necessary any more. Record a wave equation and decide it for the diversified cases. Though in mathematical relation such description of the world perfectly, but the physical sense of mathematical manipulations is lost. Specially it notably in a quantum mechanics. As a consequence, the similar description it is easy to subject a severe critic. To be salvaged from of intrusive critics, it is necessary to invent completely fancy notions about a microcosmos, which one do not have conformity in a macroworld. Thus, the unity of the world is upset, that directly contradicts fundamental laws of universe. The absence of physical sense is the main unremovable brake of the formal-mathematical description of the world. The corpuscular description of the world, basically, is a merit of Newton. Because of small number of the supporters of such description «have defeated» wave notions. The main brake for of corpuscular world was established by Newton, by formulating the law even and rectilinear motion of free bodies. This law has become force majeure for explanation of an interference, polarization and some other properties of light. Attempts to mate the wave description with corpuscular (wave-corpuscle dualism of microparticles [1]) are originally doomed on a fall because of a principled difference between a wave and particle. The ether is not necessary for the corpuscular description of the world in any to the form, therefore photon, for example, billions of years not «being spread» can move in space, that is impossible from the point of view of the wave description of its motion. The main lack of the corpuscular description of the world consists in incompletness of official toolkit for such description. Only new corpuscular quantum physics has entered notion about originating of a gravidynamic field at motion of gravitational charges and bound with this fact by screw motion of free bodies. It has allowed to revise many fundamental rules of classic physics and quantum mechanicses and to realise a capability of the corpuscular description of the world to the full. Unfortunately, it has taken place after in heads of the scientists strongly was fixed paradigm, designed Einstein and fathers of a quantum mechanics. This paradigm had time knock home in heads of millions students and even of the homemakers. In outcome new scientific paradigm on the basis of new physics meets aggressive hostility. It, certainly, temporary phenomenon and the victory new paradigm in science is foregone, as was already repeatedly. It is a pity, that this the temporary interval, usually, exceeds temporary existence of the person in the land of the living, and orthodoxes permanently self-reproduction by conservative science.
To describe Light, Newton used a Particle, which, on the one hand, is an element, invariant in space and time, but, on the other hand, whose properties depend on the Color of Light. This dependence of the property of this element is similar to the dependence of the kinetic energy of a material point on speed. But this abstract point does not have the Rest Mass invariant for all speeds. This initial contradiction was simply taken for the specificity of a given particle called a photon, which Einstein linked with the Planck's quantum of energy. Newton's corpuscular theory of light initially encountered difficulties in describing the interference and diffraction of light. But the description of coherent light will raise the question of the size-geometry of this elementary particle. Taking into account the geometry of a photon allows us to really, and not abstractly, show its invariant specificity, which ensures the stitching not only of individual photons into a coherent wave, but also stitching of the corpuscular and wave theory. In this case, the postulated Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle is translated into the mathematical property of the Fourier transform, which determines measurability. Moreover, Newton's Elementary Particle shows how to determine the real specificity of a material particle that has lost its Mass invariance due to its Einstein dependence on velocity and, taking into account the principle of Logarithmic Relativity, allows us to correctly systematize Elementary (Fundamental) Particles.
Modern knowledge about the structure of the microworld turned out to be inferior due to two fundamental errors made as far back as the century before last when interpreting the results of the experiments of Oersted (1821) and Fizeau (1851). Refusing, due to these errors, to take into account the ether and magnetic interactions between microobjects, physics was not able to use Newton's “classical” formalism to study the microworld and turned to a quantum worldview. Despite the stream of self-praise and Nobel prizes, quantum theory failed to achieve a full, detailed understanding of the structure of the atomic nucleus, unexcited atom, photon, excited atom, electron, neutron, proton, ... In 1979, experimental evidence was published in the Central Russian Physical Academic Journal of the absence of undivided energy quanta in Nature [1]. The theory of nonlinear oscillations, operating on the classical methods of Newton, tells how it corrects the mentioned physical misunderstandings..
The hundred and fifty years ago, I.Newton, in his corpuscular classic mechanics (CCM), introduced mass as an initial quantity, and, an its basis, defined other corpuscular quantities of CCM. And a hundred years ago, the corpuscular-wave properties of microparticles testified to the inherent corpuscular-wave quantities (CWQ), which as the initial value had the product of mass and wavelength. Accordingly, just as Newton’s CCM was based on corpuscular quantities, corpuscular-wave mechanics (CWM) should have been based on CWQ in the same way. But a hundred years ago, Plank’s and Einstein, to describe the corpuscular-wave properties of the photon, used hybrid of corpuscular quantities Newton’s CCM and wave quantities of wave optics, which a priori, by their definition, were insufficient to describe the CWQ of the photon. Subsequently, de Broglie and Schrödinger applied the method of Planck and Einstein to the case of a non-relativistic electron (NE), and obtained wave quantum mechanics (WQM). But the WQM he obtained turned out to be a real puzzle, and now, a hundred years later, l was able to discover that in reality WQM is an incomplete version of the CWM NE. The campaign managed to find out that Newton’s CCM arises in the form of a special case of the CWM macroscopic body. In this regard, now, l seem to be a Tajikistan physicist who discovered CWQ and CWM physics.
Until recently, wave-particle duality has been thought of as quantum principle without a counterpart in classical physics. This belief was challenged after (i) finding that average dynamics of a classical particle in a strong inhomogeneous oscillating field resembles that of a quantum object and (ii) experimental discovery of "walkers" - macroscopic droplets that bounce on a vertically vibrating bath of the same fluid and can self-propel via interaction with the surface waves they generate. This paper exposes a new family of objects that can display both particle and wave features all together while strictly obeying laws of the Newtonian mechanics. In contrast to the previously known duality examples in classical physics, oscillating field or constant inflow of energy are not required for their existence. These objects behave deterministically provided that all their degrees of freedom are known to an observer. If, however, some degrees of freedom are unknown, an observer can describe such objects only probabilistically and they manifest weird features similar to that of quantum particles. We show new classical counterparts of such quantum phenomena as particle interference, tunneling, above-barrier reflection, trapping on top of a barrier, and spontaneous emission of radiation. In the light of these findings, we hypothesize that quantum mechanics may emerge as approximation from a more profound theory on a deeper level.