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Optics Letters

Self-amplifying memory based on multiple cascading four-wave mixing via recoil-induced resonance

J. P. Lopez, Álvaro Mitchell Galvão de Melo, J. W. R. Tabosa

Published Jun 2, 2020• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report on a new, to the best of our knowledge, type of optical memory that allows for the amplification of the optical signal carrying the stored information during its reading process. The memory mechanism is demonstrated in an ensemble of cold cesium atoms and is based on the multiple parametric four-wave mixing exploring the external atomic degrees of freedom via recoil-induced resonances. We have particularly demonstrated the storage of light carrying orbital angular momentum with a fourfold amplifying factor for the retrieved signal during the reading process. Memory lifetimes of the order of hundreds of microseconds have been measured, and possible applications for this self-amplifying memory are discussed.

DOI
10.1364/ol.394302

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We report on a new, to the best of our knowledge, type of optical memory that allows for the amplification of the optical signal carrying the stored information during its reading process. The memory mechanism is demonstrated in an ensemble of cold cesium atoms and is based on the multiple parametric four-wave mixing exploring the external atomic degrees of freedom via recoil-induced resonances. We have particularly demonstrated the storage of light carrying orbital angular momentum with a fourfold amplifying factor for the retrieved signal during the reading process. Memory lifetimes of the order of hundreds of microseconds have been measured, and possible applications for this self-amplifying memory are discussed.
In this work, we perform a detailed theoretical and experimental investigation of an atomic memory based on recoil-induced resonance in cold cesium atoms. We consider the interaction of nearly degenerate pump and probe beams with an ensemble of two-level atoms. A full theoretical density matrix calculation in the extended Hilbert space of the internal and external atomic degrees of freedom allows us to obtain, from first principles, the transient and stationary responses determining the probe transmission and the forward four-wave-mixing spectra. These two signals are generated together at the same order of perturbation with respect to the intensities of pump and probe beams. Moreover, we have investigated the storage of optical information on the spatial modes of light beams in the atomic external degrees of freedom, which provided a simple interpretation for the previously reported nonvolatile character of this memory. The retrieved signals after storage reveal the equivalent role of probe transmission and four-wave mixing, as the two signals have similar amplitudes. Probe transmission and forward four-wave-mixing spectra were then experimentally measured for both continuous excitation and after storage. The experimental observations are in good agreement with the developed theory, and they open another pathway for the reversible exchange of optical information with atomic systems.
We report on the demonstration of a nonlinear optical memory (NOM) for storage and on-demand manipulation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light via higher-order nonlinear processes in cold cesium atoms. A spatially resolved phase-matching technique is used to select each order of the nonlinear susceptibility associated, respectively, with time-delayed four-, six-, and eight-wave mixing processes. For a specific configuration of the stored OAM of the incident beams, we demonstrated that the OAM of the retrieved beam can be manipulated according to the order of the nonlinear process chosen by the operator for reading out the NOM. This demonstration indicates new pathways for applications in classical and quantum information processing where OAM of light is used to encode optical information.
Abstract We report on the observation of efficient light storage based on recoil-induced resonances and the associated generation of forward four-wave mixing signal. We use a strong coupling beam red-detuned from the closed transition 6S1/2,F=4→6P3/2,F′=56S_{1/2}, F=4\rightarrow6P_{3/2}, F^{\prime}=56S1/2​,F=4→6P3/2​,F′=5 of cold cesium atom and a two-mode probe beam, whose frequency can be scanned around the coupling beam frequency. First, we demonstrate the coherent phase transfer from one mode component of the probe beam to the corresponding forward generated four-wave mixing beam. We then explore the coherent nature of the stored optical information to retrieve the two-mode probe energy with an efficiency 3.5 fold higher as compared with the total retrieved energy efficiency associated with the case where each mode component of the probe acts separately. Finally, we discuss a possible application of our experimental scheme and observed effects to investigate squeezing and quantum photon correlations.
We report on the storage of light via the phenomenon of recoil-induced resonance in a pure two-level system of cold cesium atoms. We use a strong coupling beam and a weak probe beam to couple different external momentum states of the cesium atom via two-photon Raman interaction which leads to the storage of the optical information of the probe beam. We have also measured the probe transmission spectrum, as well as the light storage spectrum which reveals very narrow subnatural resonance features showing absorption and gain. We have demonstrated that this memory presents the unique property of being insensitive to the reading process, which does not destroy the stored information leading to a memory lifetime limited only by the atomic thermal motion.
In this paper, an optical memory based on an ensemble of cold Cesium atoms interacting with light in the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) regime is studied in view of spatially multimode quantum storage. The interfacing protocol involves a control field, generating EIT for the very weak field that carries the quantum signal to be stored and enabling its mapping into the collective hyperfine coherence of the cold atomic ensemble. For the demonstration of multimode storage, the signal pulse at the single photon level is prepared in a mode with (OAM), while the control field is in a TEM00 mode. After the writing process, the information is kept in the memory register. In the retrieval phase, the information is read back from atoms to light and we show that these pulses at the single photon level with OAM can be stored and retrieved with a preserved spatial phase and a good efficiency.
The present work explores new possibilities for the selective storage of optical information through higher-order nonlinearities in a sample of cold cesium atoms obtained from a magneto-optical trap. Particularly, we demonstrate the storage of a third-, fifth-, and seventh-order nonlinear atom–light interaction into the coherences and populations of the Zeeman structure of the hyperfine cesium 6S1/2, F=3 ground state. Two writing beams create coherence and population gratings associated with high-order nonlinear processes, which can be selectively retrieved by a reading beam after a controllable storage time. Each kind of grating can store only specific orders of the nonlinear interaction, leading to special features in each signal. Applications of this nonlinear memory to herald multiphotons are discussed.