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Nanosystems Physics Chemistry Mathematics

Comparison of non classical effects: quantum phase fluctuation, antibunching and minimum total noise in various non linear optical processes

Priyanka, Savita Gill

Published Apr 25, 2020• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We study various non classical effects of light like reduction of quantum phase fluctuation, antibunching and minimum total noise present in various nonlinear optical processes.Further, we have shown that depth of non-classicality can be directly measured using all these parameters.We have done the comparative study to correlate these non-classical effects in seven wave mixing, eight wave mixing and third harmonic generation.

DOI
10.17586/2220-8054-2020-11-2-161-170

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We study various non classical effects of light like reduction of quantum phase fluctuation, antibunching and minimum total noise present in various nonlinear optical processes.Further, we have shown that depth of non-classicality can be directly measured using all these parameters.We have done the comparative study to correlate these non-classical effects in seven wave mixing, eight wave mixing and third harmonic generation.
In seven wave mixing non-linear optical process having pump photons of dissimilar frequencies, higher order non classical properties were studied. It is shown that as we go into the higher order of the field amplitude and with an increase in the number of photons existing in the system before non-linear medium interaction, nonclassicality increases. In addition, we have also obtained higher order antibunching of photons that can be used as a criterion to obtain a single source of photons, which is the primary prerequisite for the quantum information processing.
Statistical properties of light generated in nonlinear optical couplers are discussed. Methods suitable for the description of non-classical properties of light are mentioned; special attention is paid to generalized superposition of coherent fields and noise. Regimes suitable for non-classical light generation in various types of nonlinear couplers based on second-harmonic and second- subharmonic generation, optical parametric processes, Kerr effect as well as Raman and Brillouin processes are analyzed. Special attention is devoted to the generation of light with sub-Poissonian statistics, squeezed light, and light in purely quantum states. Role of real effects like damping of optical fields and phase mismatches is also discussed.
We have studied non-classical effects, i.e. higher order photon antibunching (HOA) and higher order sub-Poissonian photon number statistics (HOSPS) in various non-linear optical processes like second harmonic generation, fourth harmonic generation, coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and coherent anti-Stokes hyper-Raman scattering (CAHRS) using short time interaction techniques.The non-classical effects directly depend on number of photons prior to interaction with non-linear medium has already been studied but we have found that non-linear processes involving equal number of pump photons have same higher order photo antibunching (HOA) and higher order sub-Poissonian photon number statistics (HOSPS) independent of the non-linear process involved.KEYWORDS Higher order sub-Poissonian photon number statistics, higher order photon antibunching, optical processes.FOR CITATION Priyanka, Savita Gill Pump photons present in a non-linear process as a witnesses of nonclassicality of a system.
We have examined non classical effect i.e. higher order single mode antibunching and intermodel antibunching and higher order sub-poissonian photon statistics (HOSPS) in fifth harmonic generation non linear optical process using short time interaction technique.We have found that nonclassical effects directly depend on number of photons prior to interaction with non linear medium.The higher the number of photons present prior to an interaction, the higher will be the nonclassicality in the system.It is additionally found that stoke mode doesn't fulfill the condition of single mode antibunching and HOSPS in fifth harmonic generation process.To examine the optical nonlinearity of nanoparticles, there are significant research efforts concerning the estimation of higher order nonlinear susceptibility which can be utilized as a source for the generation of higher order harmonic generation nonlinear optical processes [19].
In this review, we compare different descriptions of photon-number statistics in harmonic generation processes within quantum, classical and semiclassical approaches. First, we study the exact quantum evolution of the harmonic generation by applying numerical methods including those of Hamiltonian diagonalization and global characteristics. We show explicitly that the harmonic generations can indeed serve as a source of nonclassical light. Then, we demonstrate that the quasi-stationary sub-Poissonian light can be generated in these quantum processes under conditions corresponding to the so-called no-energy-transfer regime known in classical nonlinear optics. By applying method of classical trajectories, we demonstrate that the analytical predictions of the Fano factors are in good agreement with the quantum results. On comparing second and higher harmonic generations in the no-energy-transfer regime, we show that the highest noise reduction is achieved in third-harmonic generation with the Fano-factor of the third harmonic equal to 13/16.
Squeezing of radiation is a purely quantum mechanical phenomenon which has no classical counterpart. This quantum effect is expected to manifest itself in optical processes in which the nonlinear response of the system to the radiation field plays an important role. The concept of squeezing started in mid 1980s. Since then there has been an enormous upsurge of interest in this field owing to its low noise property. In the present paper various aspects of squeezing of radiation are studied and possible means of generation of squeezed light in which the quantum fluctuations are reduced below shot noise limit are investigated. The amplitude of the electric field of a mode of an electromagnetic field is always associated with quantum mechanical fluctuations. Squeezing states are characterised by reduced quantum fluctuations in one quadrature component of the field at the expense of increased fluctuations in the other noncommuting component. A fully quantum mechanical approach is followed. In the present paper we intend to review different aspects of squeezing and higher order squeezing in higher order Raman processes as well as in multiwave mixing processes. A comparative study between different processes are made which will pave a way for easier generation of squeezed light.