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Communications in Theoretical Physics

Single-photon quantum router based on asymmetric intercavity couplings

Jiyang Li, Xinlei Li, Guo-An Yan

Published Apr 22, 2020• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract As a special quantum node in a quantum network, the quantum router plays an important role in storing and transferring quantum information. In this paper, we propose a quantum router scheme based on asymmetric intercavity couplings and a three-level Λ-type atomic system. This scheme implements the quantum routing capability very well. It can perfectly transfer quantum information from one quantum channel to another. Compared with the previous quantum routing scheme, our proposed scheme can achieve the transfer rate of single photons from one quantum channel to another quantum channel reaching 100%, the high transfer rate is located in the almost quadrant regions with negative values of the two variables λ a and λ b , and their maximum values T u b + T d b = 1 emerge in the center point λ a = λ b = −1. Therefore, it is possibly feasible to efficiently enhance the routing capability of the single photons between two channels by adjusting the inter-resonator couplings, and the asymmetric intercavity coupling provides a new method for achieving high-fidelity quantum routers.

DOI
10.1088/1572-9494/ab7ed5

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Abstract As a special quantum node in a quantum network, the quantum router plays an important role in storing and transferring quantum information. In this paper, we propose a quantum router scheme based on asymmetric intercavity couplings and a three-level Λ-type atomic system. This scheme implements the quantum routing capability very well. It can perfectly transfer quantum information from one quantum channel to another. Compared with the previous quantum routing scheme, our proposed scheme can achieve the transfer rate of single photons from one quantum channel to another quantum channel reaching 100%, the high transfer rate is located in the almost quadrant regions with negative values of the two variables λ a and λ b , and their maximum values T u b + T d b = 1 emerge in the center point λ a = λ b = −1. Therefore, it is possibly feasible to efficiently enhance the routing capability of the single photons between two channels by adjusting the inter-resonator couplings, and the asymmetric intercavity coupling provides a new method for achieving high-fidelity quantum routers.
Abstract Quantum routers with a routing rate of much more than 0.5 are important for quantum networks. Here we provide a scheme to significantly improve quantum routing performance. The proposal extends a recent scheme proposed by Zhou et al 2013 ( Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 103604) by locating another atom in the input channel to generate an effective reflection potential. Our numerical results show that the routing capability from the input channel to another channel can be remarkably enhanced, and even in the presence of moderately low cavity loss, the maximum transfer rate from one channel to another can be more than 0.9. Moreover, we find that there exists an optimum waveguide length to achieve the maximum transfer rate. Our scheme could feasibly be implemented experimentally for quantum routing with a high transfer rate.
Abstract We propose a potentially practical scheme for constructing a quantum network based on a system where three waveguides are coupled to two two-level atoms. In the case of chiral couplings between the waveguides and atoms, we realize a directed single-photon router and the efficiency of single-photon routing reaches 100%. In addition, in this network, the photon input from one port of the channel can be fully routed to any outport of the other two channels by modulating the coupling strength of the waveguides and atoms and the frequency of the incident photon. Thus, a quantum network can be constructed based on our scheme. The influence of the ratio of chiral coupling strength on the properties of the single-photon router is also shown. We also show how the efficiency of routing is affected by system dissipation.
Abstract High-efficiency single-photon routing of photon signals between different quantum channels is of great importance for the quantum networks with the ability to coherently transfer quantum states between the desired sender and receiver nodes. We proposed an efficient scheme for realizing quantum routers via multiple semi-infinite coupled-resonator waveguides ( CRWs ) coupled to cavities nonreciprocally. Numerical results show that with the change of the phase difference value, the quantum routing function of multiple output ports can be realized, in the meantime, the information conversion rate can almost reach 100%. The optimal conditions for these phenomena are obtained by the time-reversal symmetry breaking the nonreciprocal of the single-photon transport. Moreover, we have also described a scalable scheme that can extend the router to an arbitrary number of outputs. Our results pave the way to design high-quality quantum devices based on breaking time-reversal symmetry waveguide-cavity systems.
Nowadays, the quantum router plays a key role in quantum communication and quantum networks. Here we propose a tunable single-photon routing scheme, based on quantum interference, which uses two distant artificial atoms coupling to two transmission lines. Depending on the distance between the two atoms, the collective effect will lead to destructive or constructive interference between the scattered photons. Under the standing wave condition, a single photon from the incident channel can be perfectly transmitted or redirected into another channel by the asymmetric or symmetric reflected phase shift of atoms, respectively. Therefore, we show that our router can be controlled by adjusting the detuning of the atoms and the interatomic distance, without any classical field.
We propose an efficient single-photon router comprising two resonator waveguide channels coupled by several sequential cavities with embedded three-level atoms. We show that the system can operate as a perfect four-way single-photon switch. We also demonstrate that an incident single photon propagating in one of the waveguides can be routed into one or the other output channels; such routing can be controlled by the external classical electromagnetic field driving the atoms. We argue that, under appropriate conditions, the efficiency of such routing can be close to 100% within a broad operational bandwidth, suggesting various applications in photonics.
Abstract We investigate single-photon quantum routing composed of double two-level atoms coupled to two infinite waveguides. By introducing local coupling phases at atom-waveguide connecting points, we engineer asymmetric atom-waveguide interactions, which enables the directional control of photon propagation for achieving high-efficiency quantum routing. Using the real-space approach, we derived exact expressions of the single-photon scattering amplitudes, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of the routing dynamics. For both identical and non-identical atomic configurations, we systematically explored the conditions for achieving perfect photon transfer. Our results demonstrate that complete photon transfer can be realized by precisely tuning the coupling phases, the accumulated phase and atomic frequencies. This work provides a theoretical foundation for developing high-efficiency quantum routers with potential applications in quantum networks and photonic quantum information processing.