It is shown that the least possible amount of Shannon’s information (a single bit) corresponds to the least possible value of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.
Abstract In quantum physics, the scattering of a free particle by an impurity leads to the Ramsauer-Townsend effect, characterized by resonances in the cross section for transmission and reflection of the incident particle. In this work, we analyze this problem within the context of quantum information theory. In particular, we study the Shannon and Fisher entropy, as well as the Heisenberg uncertainty relations, to analyze the fragmentation of a wave packet in collision dynamics. As a primary contribution of this work, we note that these properties are directly related to each other through the same reflection and transmission coefficients as those of the Ramsauer-Townsend effect. Furthermore, we observe that the Heisenberg uncertainty principle satisfies the minimum value, i.e. ℏ /2, for the transmitted wave packet at resonance transmission and a maximum at higher fragmentation of the wave packet. We obtain that at resonance transmission, the reflected contribution to the uncertainty principle is zero with no violation of the Heisenberg principle. This leads, consequently, to the violation of it by the reflected wave packet, as there is no reflection. Moreover, the Shannon and Fisher quantum information entropy is found to be directly connected to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle for a dynamical system. Finally, we establish that these effects require the proper description of the time-dependent spreading of the wave packet to account for the proper dynamics.
The Heisenberg uncertainty principle is known to be connected to the entropic uncertainty principle. This correspondence is obtained employing a Gaussian probability distribution for wave functions associated to the Shannon entropy. Independently, due to quantum gravity effects the Heisenberg uncertainty principle has been extended to a Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP). In this work, we show that GUP has been derived from considering non-extensive entropies, proposed by one of us. We found that the deformation parameters associated with S+ and S− entropies are negative and positive respectively. This allows us to explore various possibilities in the search of physical implications. We conclude that non-extensive statistics constitutes a signature of quantum gravity.
Abstract Landauer’s bound is applicable to irreversible quantum operations. In this study, we showcased that the Doppler temperature manifests the existence of Landauer’s bound, which does not block a spin from (irreversibly) flipping with a tiny amount of energy via quantum tunneling. Verified by a spin–spin magnetic interaction experiment, this (energy) amount was determined to be only 1.25 times the theoretical value of Landauer’s bound. Based on Heisenberg’s principle, we defined information from a measuring perspective: one bit of information corresponds to the smallest error when quantifying the product of the measured energy uncertainty ( ΔE Δ E ) and the measured time duration ( Δt Δ t ). We then illustrate an optically manipulated, spin-encoded, near-Landauer-bound, near-Heisenberg-limit quantum computer that encompasses this new definition of information. This study may represent the last piece of the puzzle in understanding both quantum Landauer erasure and Heisenberg’s quantum limit since a single spin is the smallest information carrier.