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Spooky Action at a Distance .

Durgadas Datta.

Published Mar 1, 2020• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Einstein was troubled by quantum physics though he was the founder and we have seen how the thoughts of superposition, collapse or even entanglement can destroy the commonsense so that Feynman once remarked that nobody understands Quantum Physics in the year he got Nobel prize. ...Some thoughts to understand the double slit experiment and REALITY......

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Einstein was troubled by quantum physics though he was the founder and we have seen how the thoughts of superposition, collapse or even entanglement can destroy the commonsense so that Feynman once remarked that nobody understands Quantum Physics in the year he got Nobel prize. ...Some thoughts to understand the double slit experiment and REALITY......
About 90 years ago, Albert Einstein complained about the “spooky action at a distance” of quantum entanglement and questioned the completeness of quantum mechanics [1]. This year, the Nobel Prize is awarded to three pioneers that put Einstein’s curiosity under experimental tests based on Bell’s inequality [2]. The fundamentals of quantum mechanics are not of just theoretical or philosophical interest. Rather, worldwide efforts are harnessing these quantum weirdness to develop emerging technologies.
There was a time when the newspapers said that only twelve men understood the theory of relativity. I do not believe there ever was such a time. There might have been a time when only one man did, because he was the only guy who caught on, before he wrote his paper. But after people read the paper a lot of people understood the theory of relativity in some way or other, certainly more than twelve. On the other hand I think I can safely say that nobody understands quantum mechanics. Richard P. Feynman Introduction: the quantum theory The quantum theory was born in 1900, with the twentieth century, and future centuries will list it among our own's most remarkable achievements. Designed to account for the puzzling behavior of matter at the submicroscopic scale of individual atoms, the theory has enjoyed phenomenal success. It has accounted in a quantitative way for atomic phenomena with a numerical precision never before achieved in any field of science. When it was subsequently applied within the atom to the atomic nucleus – an object some hundred thousand times smaller – no further modification in the theory was needed. More recently, when applied within the particles making up the nucleus to describe their own internal structure – an investigation on a scale as much smaller than atoms as atoms are smaller than us – the quantum theory still shows no signs of requiring extension or revision.
Einstein became bothered by quantum mechanical action at a distance within two years of Schrödinger's introduction of his eponymous wave equation. If the wave function represents the "real" physical state of a particle, then the measurement of the particle's position would result in the instantaneous collapse of the wave function to the single, measured position. Such a process seemingly violates not only the Schrödinger equation but also special relativity. Einstein was not alone in this vexation; however, the dilemma eventually faded as physicists concentrated on using the Schrödinger equation to solve a plethora of pressing problems. For the next 30 years, wave function collapse, while occasionally discussed by physicists, was primarily a topic of interest for philosophers. That is, until 1964, when Bell introduced his famous inequality and maintained that its violation proved that quantum mechanics and, by implication, nature herself are nonlocal. Unfortunately, this brought the topic back to mainstream physics, where it has remained and continues to muddy the waters. To be sure, not all physicists are bothered by the apparent nonlocality of quantum mechanics. So where have those who embrace quantum nonlocality gone wrong? I argue that the answer is a gratuitous belief in the ontic nature of the quantum state.
This chapter explores intuition in the context of phenomena that involve action at-a-distance – the transmission of a force or effect by no known physical means. Because they contradict the laws of physics, they defy reason and commonsense. Nowadays, though, action-at-a-distance is known as nonlocality. And, following experiments confirming quantum entanglement in the 1980s, nonlocality is accepted as a scientific fact. Moreover, because the individual particles in particle pairings appear to act is if they instantly ‘know’ what is happening to each other and display an unconditional, unbreakable union, some physicists characterize this bond as ‘passion at-a-distance’. In short, quantum entanglement is not only seen as fundamental to understanding the physical universe but is also thought integral to the question of consciousness – and may provide a new explanation for group intuitions.