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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Power and temperature dependence of High Q superconducting resonators

Ashish Alexander, Christopher Weddle, Christopher J. K. Richardson

Published Mar 3, 2020• 0 citations
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We report our setup and measurement results of the quality factor Q of superconducting microwave resonators at mK temperature in a dilution refrigerator. The power dependence of the superconducting resonators' Q was measured down to the single photon level. Measurements were performed on two types of microwave resonators. First, a half-wavelength coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonator made of niobium film on an oxidized high-resistivity silicon substrate was measured. Then a rectangular box resonator made of machined superconducting aluminum alloy was measured. While the CPW chip resonator's Q value showed noticeable decrease at low microwave power, the box resonator's Q showed little power dependence. This setup is intended to perform characterization of various microwave resonators, which will serve as key components in superconducting qubit in circuit QED architecture.

Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements•Aug 1, 2014•2 citations
Measuring the internal quality factor of coplanar waveguide superconducting resonators is an established method of determining small losses in superconducting devices. Often, resonator losses are attributed to two-level system (TLS) defects using a power dependent model for the quality factor. However, excess non-equilibrium quasiparticles can also limit the quality factor of superconducting resonators. Here, a two-temperature, power and temperature dependent model is used to evaluate resonator losses for titanium nitride and aluminum coplanar waveguide resonators with loss tangents of 10−5–10−6. This model enables a set of parameters to describe both the internal quality factor and fractional frequency shift of the resonator across a broad range of average cavity photon numbers, from 1 to 106, and temperatures between those limited by the experimental apparatus near 50 mK and thermal quasiparticle dominated. The presented model also offers potential insight into observing the temperature and power dependence of TLS–TLS interactions in these resonators.
Abstract The frequency alignment of resonators is essential for wireless power transfer (WPT) systems to achieve strongly coupled magnetic resonances. Here, we present a novel tunable superconducting resonator for WPT applications. The tunable resonator is composed of a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coil and a variable HTS electrode capacitor bank based on two series YBa 2 C 3 O 7− x –SrTiO 3 –YBa 2 C 3 O 7− x thin films. The HTS coil serves as a wireless transmitting tool for power delivery, while the HTS electrode capacitor bank provides a frequency-tuning element for the resonator. At 77 K, the HTS materials cause low loss and thus achieve a high quality factor, while the incipient ferroelectric SrTiO 3 substrate with HTS electrodes has a nonlinear capacitance dependence on the applied electric field with no hysteresis. A voltage supply applies a continuous DC bias to both capacitors synchronously via the coil, adjusting the total capacitance and thus the resonant frequency. Our results indicate that the tunable resonator can achieve a tuning range of 12% from 775 kHz, offering a frequency-tuning functionality to superconducting WPT technology.
We report our setup and measurement results of the quality factor Q of superconducting microwave resonators at mK temperature in a dilution refrigerator. The power dependence of the superconducting resonators' Q was measured down to the single photon level. Measurements were performed on two types of microwave resonators. First, a half-wavelength coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonator made of niobium film on an oxidized high-resistivity silicon substrate was measured. Then a rectangular box resonator made of machined superconducting aluminum alloy was measured. While the CPW chip resonator's Q value showed noticeable decrease at low microwave power, the box resonator's Q showed little power dependence. This setup is intended to perform characterization of various microwave resonators, which will serve as key components in superconducting qubit in circuit QED architecture.