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The Quantum Universe

Hey, Anthony J G, Patrick Walters

Published Jan 1, 1986• 29 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Preface Prologue Route map 1. Waves versus particles 2. Heisenberg and uncertainty 3. Schrodinger and matter waves 4. Atoms and nuclei 5. Quantum tunnelling 6. Pauli and the elements 7. Death of a star 8. Quantum co-operation and superfluids 9. Feynman rules 10. Weak photons and strong glue Appendices Epilogue Glossary Suggestions for further reading Photo-credits Subject index Names index.

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Preface Prologue Route map 1. Waves versus particles 2. Heisenberg and uncertainty 3. Schrodinger and matter waves 4. Atoms and nuclei 5. Quantum tunnelling 6. Pauli and the elements 7. Death of a star 8. Quantum co-operation and superfluids 9. Feynman rules 10. Weak photons and strong glue Appendices Epilogue Glossary Suggestions for further reading Photo-credits Subject index Names index.
Preface 1. Energy diagrams 2. The new language of physics and chemistry 3. The wave equation - the hydrogen atom - magnetic moment and electron spin - simple problems 4. The uncertainty principle - systems containing many particles - electron configurations and the periodic table - metals 5. The movement of particles 6. Two interacting particles - diatomic molecules 7. Independent observable quantities - homonuclear molecules - valence bonds 8. Electrons in crystals - insulators and conductors 9. Perturbation theory - the description of physical events 10. The same continued Mathematical appendix Table of electron configurations and first ionisation potentials Subject index Name index.
I. RELATIVITY. 1. The Space and Time of Relativity. 2. Relativistic Mechanics. II. QUANTUM MECHANICS. 3. Atoms. 4. Quantization of Light. 5. Quantization of Atomic Energy Levels. 6. Matter Waves. 7. The Schrodinger Equation in One Dimension. 8. The Three-Dimensional Schrodinger Equation. 9. Electron Spin. 10. Multielectron Atoms the Pauli Principle and the Periodic Table. 11. Atomic Transitions and Radiation. III. SYSTEMS WITH TWO OR MORE ATOMS. 12. Molecules. 13. Solids - Theory. 14. Solids - Applications. 15. Statistical Mechanics. IV. SUBATOMIC PHYSICS. 16. The Structure of Atomic Nuclei. 17. Radioactivity and Nuclear Reactions. 18. Elementary Particles. APPENDIXES. A. Physical Constants. B. Useful Mathematical Relations. C. Alphabetical List of the Elements. D. Atomic and Nuclear Data. Suggestions for Further Reading. Picture Credits and References. Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems. Index.
Preface.- Quantum Mechanics: questions.- The phenomenological stochastic approach: a short route to quantum mechanics.- The Planck distribution, a necessary consequence of the fluctuating zero-point field.- The long journey to the Schrodinger equation.- The road to Heisenberg quantum mechanics.- Beyond the Schrodinger equation.- Disentangling quantum entanglement.- Causality, locality and entanglement in quantum mechanics.- The zero-point field waves (and) matter.- Quantum mechanics: some answers.- References.- Suggested literature.- Index.
An easy-to-understand guide to the complex subject of quantum physics. Quantum physics is how scientists describe the world of the very small. For other people, however, the rules of quantum physics seem to violate all logic: How can a particle be in more than one place at the same time? How can it tunnel through an impenetrable barrier? How can a cat in a box be both alive and dead? This book explains the complexities of quantum physics in bite-sized "lessons" that make it clear and accessible to all readers. The sections and chapters are: 1. Atoms -- quantum; quantum physics in everyday life; the periodic table; atoms and nuclei; isotopes; hydrogen atom (energy levels and spectra) 2. Photons -- photoelectric effect; thermal emission and the Planck distribution; wave particle duality (Young's slit experiment) 3. Quantum devices -- superconductors; transistor, diode; light-emitting diode; laser 4. Spin -- spin; fermions; exclusion principle; Fermi Dirac distribution; Bose-Einstein statistics 5. Wave Mechanics -- Heisenberg uncertainty principle; wave functions; standing waves; wave particle duality 6. Subatomic Particles -- radioactivity; atomic particles; protons; neutrons; electrons 7. Particle Physics -- elementary particles; quarks; leptons; electron and electron neutrino; muon and muon neutrino; tauon and tau neutrino; bosons; photon; W and Z boson; gluon; Higgs boson; composite particles; hadrons; matter-anti-matter 8. Quantum Physics in Medicine and industry -- magnetic resonance imaging; superfluidity; cancer treatment by radiation 9. Into the Future -- quantum physics of space; quantum gravity; graviton; Hawking radiation (grand unified theory); dark matter; strings; dark energy. Throughout the book, there are timelines and profiles about the scientists who developed the theories and made important discoveries in quantum physics, including Dmitri Rutherford, Albert Einstein, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, William Shockley, Isama Akasaki, Stephen Hawking, Enrico Fermi, and Max Born.
Survey of Particles and Forces. Distribution Functions and kT. Planck's Constant. Special Relativity. Wave Properties of Particles and the Uncertainty Principle. Rutherford Scattering. The Schrodinger Equation. The Hydrogen Atom. Beyond the Hydrogen Atom. Molecules and Molecular Spectra. The Nucleus. Quantum Statistics. Masers and Lasers. Conductors, Insulators, and Semiconductors. Superconductivity. High-Energy Physics: The Gadgets. High-Energy Physics: Classification of the Particles. High-Energy Physics: Unification of the Forces. The Early Universe. Appendices. Answers to Selected Problems. Indexes.