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Technical Physics

Line shapes of the fluorescence of an atomic beam in laser pre-excitation experiments

I. V. Zhurkin, L. Yu. Khryashchev

Published Jul 1, 1994• 0 citations
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The detection of optical resonances by observation of the fluorescence light emitted from a fast atomic beam of Na interacting with a collinear laser beam is limited in sensitivity by optical pumping processes. In the experiment reported here, we take advantage of the optical pumping by using a second collinear laser beam, achieving then a gain in fluorescence signal. The effects of the lasers power and polarization on line shapes have been studied in the single laser excitation case as well as in the two laser beams one.
This work is concerned with the line profiles, amplitudes and widths of the coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances due to low frequency Zeeman coherences, in the Hanle configuration, applied to 87Rb atoms in the vacuum cell. Detailed calculations of the fluorescence were done with two different transverse intensity profiles of the excitation laser tuned to the open Fg = 2 → Fe = 1 transition. Comparison with experiment produces good agreement for the laser intensity dependence of CPT line-widths in the wide range of the laser intensity, when the laser transverse beam profile is Gaussian. Results for both step-like and Gaussian profile of the laser beam show asymptotic 1/√d dependence (d is the laser beam diameter) of CPT line-widths, for large range of the laser intensity.
In this paper we analyse the effect of coherent saturation in the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) of molecules. We develop an earlier model introduced by Billy et al. in 1987 of this coherent effect and propose a simple formula predicting the line shape and the line intensity for a laser-molecule interaction time considerably longer than the excited-state radiative lifetime. The predictions of this formula are tested on a LIF experiment in which a Na2 molecular beam is excited with a continuous-wave single-frequency dye laser. Considerable spectral broadening, up to two hundred times the natural linewidth is observed, in good agreement with the model.