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Laser Physics

Dissipative dynamics of cold atoms in an optical lattice

Yiran Zhao, B. Cui

Published Oct 15, 2019• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We numerically investigate the quantum effects of cold atoms in a one-dimensional driven optical lattice in the presence of distance-selective dissipation and external driving. The combination of distance-selective dissipation, external driving, on-site interaction and tunneling dominates the system dynamics. The mean-field theory is used to approximate the system. In order to analyze the system dynamics, we calculate the relative density of atoms on each site and the standard deviation of relative density. Furthermore, the influence laws of environmental factors on the system dynamics are found out by the numerical simulation. Especially, we study the dissipative dynamics of the system under a time varying external driving. The results of the study are effectively applied to manipulate the distribution of cold atoms in an optical lattice and drive the system to the desired quantum state.

DOI
10.1088/1555-6611/ab48fe

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Abstract We numerically investigate the quantum effects of cold atoms in a one-dimensional driven optical lattice in the presence of distance-selective dissipation and external driving. The combination of distance-selective dissipation, external driving, on-site interaction and tunneling dominates the system dynamics. The mean-field theory is used to approximate the system. In order to analyze the system dynamics, we calculate the relative density of atoms on each site and the standard deviation of relative density. Furthermore, the influence laws of environmental factors on the system dynamics are found out by the numerical simulation. Especially, we study the dissipative dynamics of the system under a time varying external driving. The results of the study are effectively applied to manipulate the distribution of cold atoms in an optical lattice and drive the system to the desired quantum state.
Abstract We investigated the transport properties of cold atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice under distance selective dissipation and external driving. We analyze how tunneling, on-site interaction, dissipation and external driving affect the transport of cold atoms. We used mean-field theory and the classical phase space method to explain the dynamics of the system. In order to analyze the transport effect of cold atoms, we calculate the relative density of atoms on each site and the standard deviation of relative density. The manipulation transport of cold atoms can be achieved through a step function like interaction in theory. In particular, we study the transport of cold atoms in the double-well with external driving. The steady states of the system are analytically derived.
We analyze the dynamics of Bose–Einstein condensates in a one-dimensional driven optical lattice in the presence of distance-selective dissipation. The interplay of on-site interactions, tunneling, external driving and dissipation dominates the feature of the dynamics. Relative atomic density on each site in the lattice and the standard deviation of the relative density are calculated. The effect of the distance-selective dissipation and an external driving on the diffusion of the atoms is analyzed. As a simple example, a BEC in a double-well potential, is analyzed in detail, and the steady state is analytically derived.
The center of mass dynamics of cold atoms and the Bose-Einstein condensate in one dimensional optical lattice is considered both in the absence and in the presence of external forcing. We discuss three situations for matter waves: first, the cold atoms; second, sufficiently dilute condensate where the dynamics are governed by the single particle wave packet dynamics; third, strong interaction regime, where, inter-atomic interaction can no longer be ignored. The analytical formalism developed for the two regimes, namely, deep optical lattice and shallow optical lattice. Parametric dependencies of energy spectrum and classical period, revival time and super revival are explained for the two regimes. The dynamics of condensate in driven optical lattice crystal are analyzed by studying dynamical stability of the condensate. The stability is determined by the dispersion behavior of the condensate excited in driven optical lattice. The recurrence behavior of the condensate close to the nonlinear resonances is analyzed as a function of time for delicate recurrences which take place for instance when lattice is weakly perturbed and robust recurrences which may manifest themselves for sufficiently strong external driving force. The analysis is not only valid for dilute condensate but also applicable for strongly interacting homogeneous condensate provided, the external modulation causes no significant change in density profile of the condensate. We explain parametric dependence of the dynamical recurrence times which can easily be realized in laboratory experiments. In addition, we find a good agreement between the obtained analytical results and numerical calculations. The stability of condensate is also explored in driven optical lattice numerically.
Understanding how external driving and dissipation jointly influence the dynamics of open quantum systems is essential for advancing the study of non-equilibrium quantum phenomena and developing quantum technologies. The present study addresses the issue by exploring the behavior of open systems in driven optical setups coupled to a bosonic field. Starting from an exact non-Markovian master equation for linear systems, we extend the analysis to an ensemble of quantum emitters and validate the proposed solution. The analytical results unveil a range of intriguing phenomena, including pronounced non-Markovian corrections to the coherent driving and a collective cross-driving effect. These effects are experimentally accessible in platforms such as cavity QED, photonic crystals, and state-dependent optical lattices. In the Markovian limit, comparison with exact solutions reveal short-time non-Markovian effects that endure well beyond the environmental correlation decay time, alongside memory effects triggered by short laser pulses. These findings offer valuable insights into the dynamics of driven open systems, laying the groundwork for precise quantum state control.
The dynamics of Bose–Einstein condensates in a one-dimensional ring optical lattice is related to the interplay of the open system conditions and the initial atomic distribution. The circulation evaluation model based on the relative atomic density on each site is established to analyze the circulation strength under low dissipation. The direction of the circulation due to the symmetry breaking can be manipulated by changing the primary atomic distribution and the number of lattice sites. The effect of the atomic interaction on the atom flow in the optical ring lattice is analyzed to maintain the current interval rotation behavior.
We theoretically analyze the depletion dynamics of an ensemble of cold atoms in a quasi-one-dimensional optical lattice where atoms in one of the lattice sites are subject to decay. Unlike the previous studies of this problem in Labouvie et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 235302 (2016), we focus on the case where the system is brought to the chaotic regime, which crucially modifies the depletion dynamics as compared to the regular case. It is shown that depletion of the affected site results in gradual depletion of the neighboring sites according to the t1/3{t}^{1/3}t1/3 scaling law. We also show that by measuring occupations of the lattice sites one can extract important information on chaotic dynamics of the original conservative system.