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A Caltech MURI Center for Quantum Networks

Hideo Mabuchi

Published May 31, 2006• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Abstract : During the MURI performance period we completed a diverse portfolio of world-class research projects. We made remarkable progress in all major topics encompassed by the defining vision of our Quantum Networks MURI Center: demonstration of elementary quantum network protocols via cavity QED, development of integrated quantum nodes based on atom chips and photonic bandgap structures, and advancing quantum information theory. Feature accomplishments include the first demonstration of a complete cavity-QED quantum information protocol using a single intracavity atom, the development of chip-scale microtraps and microcavities suitable for cavity QED with strong coupling, and security proofs for quantum key distribution with imperfect devices.

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Abstract : We have continued the development of several photonic quantum technologies: single-photon and entangled-photon sources from quantum dots and parametric down-conversion; solid-state quantum gates based on quantum dots in semiconductors and on NV centers in diamond; quantum memories using optical storage systems; and high-efficiency single-photon detectors, using optimized visible light photon counters, superconducting bolometers, and frequency upconverters (to be able to detect telecommunication wavelengths using superior visible-wavelength detectors). For most of these devices, we have already successfully performed experimental demonstrations. We have also continued our work on combining these devices into quantum information systems, by continuing to work on and improve the experimental demonstrations of quantum repeater protocols that we, by working on quantum information systems on chip, and of our high-speed quantum cryptography systems, and also by continuing to work on quantum information encoding into transverse spatial modes.

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Summary form only given. In the quantum optics group at Caltech, we are attempting to lay the foundations for quantum information science by way of advances on several fronts in optical physics. Within the setting of cavity QED, single atoms are strongly coupled to the field of a high finesse optical cavity at the single photon level, with current work directed toward trapping and localization of atoms inside the cavity. Although there are daunting technical problems to overcome, a principal scientific objective is the creation of quantum networks to implement fundamental quantum communication protocols and for distributed quantum computation. Beyond quantum information processing with internal atomic states and photons serving as qubits, we are also investigating algorithms for continuous quantum variables. A recent example is our realization of quantum teleportation for the quadrature amplitudes of a beam of light. The experiment utilizes squeezed-state entanglement to achieve unconditional quantum teleportation.

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Harry J. Kimble

Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) offers powerful possibilities for the deterministic control of atom-photon interactions quantum by quantum [1]. Indeed, modern experiments in cavity QED have achieved the exceptional circumstance of strong coupling, for which single quanta can profoundly impact the dynamics of the atom-cavity system. The diverse accomplishments of this field set the stage for advances into yet broader frontiers in quantum information science for which cavity QED offers unique advantages, such as the realization of quantum networks by way of multiple atom-cavity systems linked by optical interconnects [2,3].

AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 2001•1 citation

Magnetic Microtraps for Cavity QED, Bose-Einstein Condensates, and Atom Optics

Benjamin Lev

The system comprised of an atom strongly coupled to photons, known as cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED), provides a rich experimental setting for quantum information processing, both in the implementation of quantum logic gates and in the development of quantum networks. Moreover, studies of cavity QED will help elucidate the dynamics of continuously observed open quantum systems with quantum-limited feedback. To achieve these goals in cavity QED, a neutral atom must be tightly confined inside a high-finesse cavity with small mode volume for long periods of time. Microfabricated wires on a substrate---known as an atom chip---can create a sufficiently high-curvature magnetic potential to trap atoms in the Lamb-Dicke regime. We have recently integrated an optical fiber Fabry-Perot cavity with such a device. The microwires allow the on-chip collection and laser cooling of neutral atoms, and allow the magnetic waveguiding of these atoms to an Ioffe trap inside the cavity mode. Magnetically trapped intracavity atoms have been detected with this cavity QED system. A similar experiment employing microdisks and photonic bandgap cavities is nearing completion. With these more exotic cavities, a robust and scalable atom-cavity chip system will deeply probe the strong coupling regime of cavity QED with magnetically trapped atoms. Atom chips have found great success in producing and manipulating Bose-Einstein condensates and in creating novel atom optical elements. An on-chip BEC has been attained in a miniaturized system incorporating an atom chip designed for atom interferometry and for studies of Josephson effects of a BEC in a double-well potential. Using similar microfabrication techniques, we created and demonstrated a specular magnetic atom mirror formed from a standard computer hard drive. This device, in conjunction with micron-sized charged circular pads, can produce a 1-D ring trap which may prove useful for studying Tonks gases in a ring geometry and for creating devices such as a SQUID-like system for neutral atoms. This thesis describes the fabrication and employment of these atoms chips in experiments at both Caltech and Munich, the latter in collaboration with Professors Theodore Haensch and Jakob Reichel at the Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics.

•Sep 22, 2005•6 citations
Abstract : During the MURI performance period we completed a diverse portfolio of world-class research projects. We made remarkable progress in all major topics encompassed by the defining vision of our Quantum Networks MURI Center: demonstration of elementary quantum network protocols via cavity QED, development of integrated quantum nodes based on atom chips and photonic bandgap structures, and advancing quantum information theory. Feature accomplishments include the first demonstration of a complete cavity-QED quantum information protocol using a single intracavity atom, the development of chip-scale microtraps and microcavities suitable for cavity QED with strong coupling, and security proofs for quantum key distribution with imperfect devices.
Abstract : We have continued the development of several photonic quantum technologies: single-photon and entangled-photon sources from quantum dots and parametric down-conversion; solid-state quantum gates based on quantum dots in semiconductors and on NV centers in diamond; quantum memories using optical storage systems; and high-efficiency single-photon detectors, using optimized visible light photon counters, superconducting bolometers, and frequency upconverters (to be able to detect telecommunication wavelengths using superior visible-wavelength detectors). For most of these devices, we have already successfully performed experimental demonstrations. We have also continued our work on combining these devices into quantum information systems, by continuing to work on and improve the experimental demonstrations of quantum repeater protocols that we, by working on quantum information systems on chip, and of our high-speed quantum cryptography systems, and also by continuing to work on quantum information encoding into transverse spatial modes.
Summary form only given. In the quantum optics group at Caltech, we are attempting to lay the foundations for quantum information science by way of advances on several fronts in optical physics. Within the setting of cavity QED, single atoms are strongly coupled to the field of a high finesse optical cavity at the single photon level, with current work directed toward trapping and localization of atoms inside the cavity. Although there are daunting technical problems to overcome, a principal scientific objective is the creation of quantum networks to implement fundamental quantum communication protocols and for distributed quantum computation. Beyond quantum information processing with internal atomic states and photons serving as qubits, we are also investigating algorithms for continuous quantum variables. A recent example is our realization of quantum teleportation for the quadrature amplitudes of a beam of light. The experiment utilizes squeezed-state entanglement to achieve unconditional quantum teleportation.
Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) offers powerful possibilities for the deterministic control of atom-photon interactions quantum by quantum [1]. Indeed, modern experiments in cavity QED have achieved the exceptional circumstance of strong coupling, for which single quanta can profoundly impact the dynamics of the atom-cavity system. The diverse accomplishments of this field set the stage for advances into yet broader frontiers in quantum information science for which cavity QED offers unique advantages, such as the realization of quantum networks by way of multiple atom-cavity systems linked by optical interconnects [2,3].
The system comprised of an atom strongly coupled to photons, known as cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED), provides a rich experimental setting for quantum information processing, both in the implementation of quantum logic gates and in the development of quantum networks. Moreover, studies of cavity QED will help elucidate the dynamics of continuously observed open quantum systems with quantum-limited feedback. To achieve these goals in cavity QED, a neutral atom must be tightly confined inside a high-finesse cavity with small mode volume for long periods of time. Microfabricated wires on a substrate---known as an atom chip---can create a sufficiently high-curvature magnetic potential to trap atoms in the Lamb-Dicke regime. We have recently integrated an optical fiber Fabry-Perot cavity with such a device. The microwires allow the on-chip collection and laser cooling of neutral atoms, and allow the magnetic waveguiding of these atoms to an Ioffe trap inside the cavity mode. Magnetically trapped intracavity atoms have been detected with this cavity QED system. A similar experiment employing microdisks and photonic bandgap cavities is nearing completion. With these more exotic cavities, a robust and scalable atom-cavity chip system will deeply probe the strong coupling regime of cavity QED with magnetically trapped atoms. Atom chips have found great success in producing and manipulating Bose-Einstein condensates and in creating novel atom optical elements. An on-chip BEC has been attained in a miniaturized system incorporating an atom chip designed for atom interferometry and for studies of Josephson effects of a BEC in a double-well potential. Using similar microfabrication techniques, we created and demonstrated a specular magnetic atom mirror formed from a standard computer hard drive. This device, in conjunction with micron-sized charged circular pads, can produce a 1-D ring trap which may prove useful for studying Tonks gases in a ring geometry and for creating devices such as a SQUID-like system for neutral atoms. This thesis describes the fabrication and employment of these atoms chips in experiments at both Caltech and Munich, the latter in collaboration with Professors Theodore Haensch and Jakob Reichel at the Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics.