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Journal of Physics Condensed Matter

Stripe and supersolid phases of spin–orbit coupled spin-2 Bose–Einstein condensates in an optical lattice

Ji-Guo Wang, Shi-Jie Yang

Published Sep 20, 2019• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the ground-state phases of two-dimensional spin-orbit coupled spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates in a one-dimensional spin-dependent optical lattice. Due to the competition among optical lattice, spin-orbit coupling and spin-exchange interaction, the exotic ground-state phases are found, i.e. three types of the stripe phases and three types of the supersolid phases. The spin-exchange interaction can adjust the direction of the stripe in the stripe phase and generate various vortex lattice structures in the supersolid phase, which shows that the spin-exchange interaction plays an important role in the formation of the stripe and supersolid phases of spin-orbit coupled spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates in an optical lattice.

DOI
10.1088/1361-648x/ab468d

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We consider the SU(3) spin–orbit coupled spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates in a two-dimensional harmonic trap. The competition between the SU(3) spin–orbit coupling and the spin-exchange interaction results in a rich variety of lattice configurations. The ground-state phase diagram spanned by the isotropic SU(3) spin–orbit coupling and the spin–spin interaction is presented. Five ground-state phases can be identified on the phase diagram, including the plane wave phase, the stripe phase, the kagome lattice phase, the stripe-honeycomb lattice phase, and the honeycomb hexagonal lattice phase. The system undergoes a sequence of phase transitions from the rectangular lattice phase to the honeycomb hexagonal lattice phase, and to the triangular lattice phase in spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates with anisotrpic SU(3) spin–orbit coupling.
We study the ground-state phases of a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate loaded in a two-dimensional optical lattice. We find three types of helical supersolid phases, which are dependent on the anisotropy of the spin-orbit coupling with respect to the relative strength of the yyy and xxx directions. The period of density modulation increases with the strength of the spin-orbit coupling.
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Abstract We investigate the ground state phases of the two-component Bose–Einstein condensates with three-dimensional Weyl-type spin–orbit coupling (SOC) loaded in a cubic optical lattice. The single-particle lowest energy band exhibits one, two or four pairs of degenerate ground states depending on the configuration of the SOC. We find two types of the supersolid (SS) phases with the isotropic SOC, and the SS phases are signaled by the momentum peaks distribution. We also discuss the spin textures of the SS phases, the spin vectors consist alternatively of two sets of continuous textures at the even and the odd lattice sites.
We investigate the ground-state properties of spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in spin-dependent optical lattices. The competition between the spin-orbit coupling strength and the depth of the optical lattice leads to a rich phase diagram. Without spin-orbit coupling, the spin-dependent optical lattices separate the condensates into alternating spin domains with opposite magnetization directions. With relatively weak spin-orbit coupling, the spin domain wall is dramatically changed from Néel wall to Bloch wall. For sufficiently strong spin-orbit coupling, vortex chains and antivortex chains are excited in the spin-up and spin-down domains respectively, corresponding to the formation of a lattice composed of meron-pairs and antimeron-pairs in the pseudospin representation. We also discuss how to observe these phenomena in real experiments.