Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

IEEE Access

Design and Investigation on Image Transmission in Multi-User Cross-Layer Security Network

Jianhua Ji, Wenjun Li, Bing Wu, Ke Wang, Ming Xu, Lu Sun

Published Jan 1, 2019• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A multi-user cross-layer security network based on optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) and algorithmic cryptography is proposed, and its security performance is analyzed quantitatively for the first time. In this scheme, eavesdroppers have to not only intercept the optical code of OCDMA in physical-layer, but also break the algorithmic cryptography in data-layer. Thus, the information security will be enhanced effectively. Synchronous transmission system and asynchronous transmission system are analyzed respectively. It can be seen that the cross-layer security of asynchronous transmission is far greater than that of synchronous transmission when the number of users is large enough. OptiSystem simulation is used to investigate the image transmission in cross-layer security system. The transmission distance of single mode fiber is 100 km, and transmission rates are 10 Gbit/s and 1 Gbit/s respectively. It can be seen that legitimate user can recover original image correctly with matched decoder and correct encryption algorithm. However, eavesdroppers cannot recover the image correctly with matched decoder/wrong encryption algorithm or unmatched decoder/correct encryption algorithm. Therefore, our scheme can greatly enhance the security of image transmission system.

DOI
10.1109/access.2019.2940057

Related papers

Development of a secured optical code-division multiple access system by implementing hybrid 2D-modified Walsh code

Madhumita Das Sarkar, Shila Ghosh

We present the development of a multi-user cross-layer security network implemented on the optical code-division multiple access (OCDMA) with newly designed hybrid 2D-modified Walsh code (MWC) along with an algorithmic approach in cryptography domain. Minimum BER value is evaluated on the order of 10 − 50 using our designed MWC, which is comparatively lower than other existing codes. The security performance of the network was analyzed using the probability detection parameter, which was found to be superior apart from few other available existing codes. The enhancement of the quality and grade of security in this network eavesdropper can intercept the designed optical code of OCDMA in the physical layer. It compels one to break the security in the data-layer to access the original code. We also calculated the probability of successful data interception as a function of time complexity. Furthermore, we presented the simulation of the hybrid system using the OptiSystem simulator.

Optical Engineering•Oct 20, 2020•11 citations

Design of Cross Layer Security Network Using Bragg Filter Encoder and Decoder

S. Shalini, M Jayasudha, Jaya Suriya

This paper puts forward a cross-layer security model for optical networks using Spectral Amplitude CodingOptical Code Division Multiple Access (SAC-OCDMA) as a combination with optical cryptography. The new architecture provides data confidentiality through two layers of protection: (1) physical layer Bragg filter-based spectral encoding and (2) data layer XOR logic gate-based encryption through a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (SOA-MZI). In this method, unauthorized users must bypass both the spectral coding and optical encryption mechanisms, which significantly strengthen transmission security. The system is simulated using OptiSystem software, and the results show an improved perfor- mance of the Bit Error Rate (BER) and Quality (Q) factors. This hybrid optical security model demonstrates high potential for applications in secure fiber-optic communication networks.

International Conference on Emerging Technologies in Engineering Applications (ICETEA)•Jun 5, 2025•0 citations

The multi-layer secure communication system based on 2D-OCDMA coding

Lingchao Kong, Kan Liu, Qiulei Yu +1 more

Abstract This paper presents a novel multi-layer secure communication system that bases 2D-OCDMA technology to enhance the security and number of users of the system. The system innovatively combines RSA encryption, polarization multiplexing, and address coding techniques to protect and transmit the data. At the transmitting end, the data is encrypted by algorithm and then encoded by address code. The encoded optical data is split into two orthogonal polarization states and sent over the same channel. At the receiving end, only the optical signals in the matching polarization state can be retrieved by the polarizer with the right angle. The retrieved data is then decoded by the address code and decrypted by the algorithm to recover the original data. This system achieves multi-layer security and capacity enhancement by processing the information at different layers. The feasibility of the system is demonstrated by joint experimental simulation using Java programming language and Optisystem simulation software. In this paper, low BER transmission of 4 code words for 8 users 50 km 1Gbit/s is realized using optical orthogonal codes (OOC) with BER around 10−30. It realizes the enhancement of 4-user to 8-user without affecting the transmission effect.

Journal of Optical Communications•Dec 21, 2023•0 citations

Performance Analysis of Physical-Layer Security in an OCDMA-Based Wiretap Channel

Jianhua Ji, Guirong Zhang, Wenjun Li +3 more

Based on information-theoretic security, physical-layer security in an optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) system is analyzed. For the first time, the security leakage factor is employed to evaluate the physical-layer security level, and the safe receiving distance is used to measure the security transmission range. By establishing the wiretap channel model of a coherent OCDMA system, the influences of the extraction location, the extraction ratio, the number of active users, and the length of the code on the physical-layer security are analyzed quantitatively. The physical-layer security and reliability of the coherent OCDMA system are evaluated under the premise of satisfying the legitimate user’s bit error rate and the security leakage factor. The simulation results show that the number of users must be in a certain interval in order to meet the legitimate user’s reliability and security. Furthermore, the security performance of the coherent OCDMA-based wiretap channel can be improved by increasing the code length.

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking•Sep 12, 2017•32 citations

A Novel Scheme of Delay Attack-resistant Network Based on Optical Coding

Mandong Liu, Peng Ouyang, Jianhua Ji +1 more

We propose and investigate a novel scheme of delay attack-resistant network based on optical code division multiple access (OCDMA). The bit error rate (BER) is analyzed theoretically, and the closed expression of BER is obtained. The system has a corresponding optimal threshold to minimize the BER in different cases. At the same transmission power, the BER will decrease when the code weight increases. Furthermore, the maximum number of users is different with different code weight and transmission power. Optisystem simulation results show that OCDMA system has delay attack-resistant performance, which can effectively improve the physical layer security of optical network.

IEEE International Conference on Electronics Information and Emergency Communication•Jul 15, 2022•0 citations

Cross-layer security based on optical CDMA and algorithmic cryptography

Wenjun Li, Jianhua Ji, Guirong Zhang +1 more

In this paper, we introduce an optical network with cross-layer security, which can enhance security performance. In the transmitter, the user's data is encrypted at first. After that, based on optical encoding, physical layer encryption is implemented. In the receiver, after the corresponding optical decoding process, decryption algorithm is used to restore user's data. In this paper, the security performance has been evaluated quantitatively.

IEEE Optoelectronics Global Conference (OGC)•Sep 1, 2016•3 citations
A multi-user cross-layer security network based on optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) and algorithmic cryptography is proposed, and its security performance is analyzed quantitatively for the first time. In this scheme, eavesdroppers have to not only intercept the optical code of OCDMA in physical-layer, but also break the algorithmic cryptography in data-layer. Thus, the information security will be enhanced effectively. Synchronous transmission system and asynchronous transmission system are analyzed respectively. It can be seen that the cross-layer security of asynchronous transmission is far greater than that of synchronous transmission when the number of users is large enough. OptiSystem simulation is used to investigate the image transmission in cross-layer security system. The transmission distance of single mode fiber is 100 km, and transmission rates are 10 Gbit/s and 1 Gbit/s respectively. It can be seen that legitimate user can recover original image correctly with matched decoder and correct encryption algorithm. However, eavesdroppers cannot recover the image correctly with matched decoder/wrong encryption algorithm or unmatched decoder/correct encryption algorithm. Therefore, our scheme can greatly enhance the security of image transmission system.
We present the development of a multi-user cross-layer security network implemented on the optical code-division multiple access (OCDMA) with newly designed hybrid 2D-modified Walsh code (MWC) along with an algorithmic approach in cryptography domain. Minimum BER value is evaluated on the order of 10 − 50 using our designed MWC, which is comparatively lower than other existing codes. The security performance of the network was analyzed using the probability detection parameter, which was found to be superior apart from few other available existing codes. The enhancement of the quality and grade of security in this network eavesdropper can intercept the designed optical code of OCDMA in the physical layer. It compels one to break the security in the data-layer to access the original code. We also calculated the probability of successful data interception as a function of time complexity. Furthermore, we presented the simulation of the hybrid system using the OptiSystem simulator.
This paper puts forward a cross-layer security model for optical networks using Spectral Amplitude CodingOptical Code Division Multiple Access (SAC-OCDMA) as a combination with optical cryptography. The new architecture provides data confidentiality through two layers of protection: (1) physical layer Bragg filter-based spectral encoding and (2) data layer XOR logic gate-based encryption through a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (SOA-MZI). In this method, unauthorized users must bypass both the spectral coding and optical encryption mechanisms, which significantly strengthen transmission security. The system is simulated using OptiSystem software, and the results show an improved perfor- mance of the Bit Error Rate (BER) and Quality (Q) factors. This hybrid optical security model demonstrates high potential for applications in secure fiber-optic communication networks.
Abstract This paper presents a novel multi-layer secure communication system that bases 2D-OCDMA technology to enhance the security and number of users of the system. The system innovatively combines RSA encryption, polarization multiplexing, and address coding techniques to protect and transmit the data. At the transmitting end, the data is encrypted by algorithm and then encoded by address code. The encoded optical data is split into two orthogonal polarization states and sent over the same channel. At the receiving end, only the optical signals in the matching polarization state can be retrieved by the polarizer with the right angle. The retrieved data is then decoded by the address code and decrypted by the algorithm to recover the original data. This system achieves multi-layer security and capacity enhancement by processing the information at different layers. The feasibility of the system is demonstrated by joint experimental simulation using Java programming language and Optisystem simulation software. In this paper, low BER transmission of 4 code words for 8 users 50 km 1Gbit/s is realized using optical orthogonal codes (OOC) with BER around 10−30. It realizes the enhancement of 4-user to 8-user without affecting the transmission effect.
Based on information-theoretic security, physical-layer security in an optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) system is analyzed. For the first time, the security leakage factor is employed to evaluate the physical-layer security level, and the safe receiving distance is used to measure the security transmission range. By establishing the wiretap channel model of a coherent OCDMA system, the influences of the extraction location, the extraction ratio, the number of active users, and the length of the code on the physical-layer security are analyzed quantitatively. The physical-layer security and reliability of the coherent OCDMA system are evaluated under the premise of satisfying the legitimate user’s bit error rate and the security leakage factor. The simulation results show that the number of users must be in a certain interval in order to meet the legitimate user’s reliability and security. Furthermore, the security performance of the coherent OCDMA-based wiretap channel can be improved by increasing the code length.
We propose and investigate a novel scheme of delay attack-resistant network based on optical code division multiple access (OCDMA). The bit error rate (BER) is analyzed theoretically, and the closed expression of BER is obtained. The system has a corresponding optimal threshold to minimize the BER in different cases. At the same transmission power, the BER will decrease when the code weight increases. Furthermore, the maximum number of users is different with different code weight and transmission power. Optisystem simulation results show that OCDMA system has delay attack-resistant performance, which can effectively improve the physical layer security of optical network.